Historical corpus of the Mongolian language

translit. 219. basa cinggis-qahan sorqan-sira-da ügülerün namayi ücugen caq-tur tayici'ud-un tarqutai-kirultuq aqa de'ü-de nayitaju bari'asu tende aqa de'ü-de'en nayitaqdamu ke'en sorqan-sira cila'un cimbai kö'üd-iyer-iyen qada'an-i ökin-iyen asara'ulju ni'uju aju namayi talbiju ilēba-je ta tere tusa sayin-i tanu setkijü qara söni jewüdün-tür gege'en üdür ce'eji-tür setkijü yabuba-je bi ta-je nadur tayici'ud-aca uda'an-a ireba-je edö'e bi tan-i soyurqa'asu yambar soyurqal ta'alaqun ta ke'eba

en §219 Further, Činggis Qa’an said to Sorqan Šira, ‘At the time when I was small, when out of jealousy I was seized by Tarqutai Kiriltuq of the Tayiči’ut and his brothers, then you Sorqan Šira, because my kinsmen were jealous of me, with your sons Čila’un and Čimbai, made your daughter Qada’an take care of me, hid me and later, releasing me, you sent me away. Mindful of that good service of yours, whether In the dark night in my dreams, In the bright day in my heart, I certainly kept the memory of it; but you did come late to me from the Tayiči’ut. If I show favour to you now, what kind of favour do you wish?’

translit. sorqan-sira cila'un cimbai kö'üd-iyer-iyen bolun ügülerün soyurqa'asu nuntu[q] darqalasu merkid-ün qajar selengge-yi nuntuqlaju darqalasu basa busu soyurqal cinggis-qahan medetügei ke'eba

en Sorqan Šira, who was together with his sons Čila’un and Čimbai, said, ‘If you are to favour me, let me have the free use of grazing grounds. Let me settle on and freely use the territory of the Merkit on the Selengge River. As for other favours in addition to this, let Činggis Qa’an decide!’

translit. te'ün-tür cinggis-qahan ügülerün merkid-ün qajar selengge-yi nuntuqlaju nuntuq ba

en To these words, Činggis Qa’an said, ‘Settle on the territory of the Merkit on the Selengge and, indeed, have free use of its grazing grounds.

translit. darqalatqun-gü uruq-un uruq-a gürtele qorcila'ulju ötökle'üljü darqalatqun yisün aldal-tur ere'ü-tür bu orotuqai ke'en jarliq bolba

en You shall be a freeman, allowed to carry a quiver and drink the ceremonial wine to the offspring of your offspring. You shall not incur punishment for up to nine crimes.’ So he ordered.

translit. basa cinggis-qahan cila'un cimbai qoyar-i soyurqarun erte cila'un cimbai qoyar-un ügüleksen üges setkijü ker qandaqu ta cila'un cimbai ta qoyar setkil-iyen ügülekün bö'esü duta'ui-ban quyiqun bö'esü ja'ura gü'ün-e bu keleletkün ö'er-ün beyes-iyer ama-'ar nadur ta ö'esüt setkiksen-iyen keleletkün duta'u-yu'an ö'esün quyitqun ke'en jarliq bolba

en Further, Činggis Qa’an, showing favour to Čila’un and Čimbai, gave the following order: ‘Thinking of the words that you, Čila’un and Čimbai, once spoke, how will you be satisfied? Čila’un and Čimbai, if you want to say what you have in mind or request something that you lack, do not tell an intermediary about it. You in person, through your own mouths, tell me yourselves what you have thought, request from me yourselves what you lack.’

translit. basa sorqan-sir'a badai kis<i>liq ta darqat basa darqalarun olon dayisun-tur hawulju olja olu'asu oluqsa'ar abutqun oro'a görö'esün-tür abala'asu alaqsa'ar abutqun ke'en jarliq bolba

en Further, he gave the following order: ‘You, the freemen Sorqan Šira, Badai and Kišiliq, you too, as freemen, When swiftly pursuing many foes, If you get booty, What you get you shall take away. When in a battue You hunt wild beasts, What you slaughter you shall take away.

translit. sorqan-sira ke'e'esü tayici'ud-un tödege-yin haran aju'ui-je badai kis<i>liq qoyar ke'e'esü ceren-ü adu'ucin aju'ui-je edö'e minu turuq qorcila'ulju ötökle'üljü darqalan jirqatqun ke'en jarliq bolba

en As for Sorqan Šira, he was but a retainer of Tödege of the Tayiči’ut. Badai and Kišiliq were but horse-herders of Čeren. Now, with my support, enjoy the privilege of being freemen, allowed to carry a quiver and drink the ceremonial wine!’

translit. 220. basa cinggis-qahan naya'a-da ügülerün sirgőtü-ebügen alaq naya'a kö'üt-lü'e-ben tan-lu'a tarqutai-kiriltug-i bidan-tur bariju ayisurun ja'ura qutuqul-nu'u-da gürcü tende naya'a ügülerün tus qan-iyan ker tebcijü bariju otqun bida ke'ejü tebcin yadaju talbiju ilējü sirgőtü-ebügen alaq naya'a kö'üt-lü'e-ben irejü tende naya'a-bilji'ür ügülerün tus qan-iyan tarqutai-kiriltug-i qartaju ayisurun jici tebcin yadaju talbiju ilējü ba

en §220 Further, Činggis Qa’an said to Naya’a, ‘When Old Širgötü, together with you - his sons Alaq and Naya’a - seized Tarqutai Kiriltuq and, proceeding on his way to us, arrived at the Qutuqul Bend, Naya’a there and then said, “How can we go on, seizing and making away with our rightful lord?” And, unable to make away with him, you set him free and sent him away. ‘When Old Širgötü, together with you - his sons Alaq and Naya’a - arrived, then Naya’a Bilji’ür said, “We laid hands on our rightful lord Tarqutai Kiriltuq and were coming here, but we could not make away with him. We set him free and sent him off,

translit. cinggis-qa'an-a gücü ögüre ireba

en and came to offer our services to Činggis Qa’an.

translit. qan-iyan qartaju ire'esü tus qan-iyan qartaqsa[t] haran mono qoyina ker itegekdekün ede ke'ekdekün ke'ejü'ü

en We said to ourselves that had we come having laid hands on our lord, it would have been said of us: ‘People who have laid hands on their rightful lord - how can they be trusted in future?’

translit. qan-iyan tebcin yadaba

en So, we could not make away with our lord.”

translit. kē'esü tende tus qan-iyan tebcin yadaqsan yosu yeke törö-yi setkijü'üi

en ‘Then, because the reason why he could not make away with his rightful lord was the fact that he had been mindful of the great principle,

translit. ke'en üge inu jö[b]siyejü niken üyile-tür tüsiye ke'ele'ei edö'e bo'orcu-da bara'un qar-un tümen medetügei muqali-da gui-ong nere ökcü jewün qar-un tümen mede'ülba

en I approved of his words and said, “I shall entrust him with an important task.” Now, Bo’orču will be in charge of the ten thousand of the right wing; and I put Muqali in charge of the ten thousand of the left wing, giving him the title of gui ong.

translit. edö'e naya'a tüb-ün tümen medetügei ke'en jarliq bolba

en Now, Naya’a will be in charge of the ten thousand of the centre.’ So he ordered.

translit. 221. basa jebe sübe'etei qoyar ö'er-ün oluqsat jö'ekse'er-iyen minqalatuqai ke'eba

en §221 Further, Činggis Qa’an said, ‘Jebe and Sübe’etei shall each be commanders of a thousand over as many of those people that they themselves have acquired and constituted as their own patrimony.’

translit. 222. basa degei qonici-da bükde'ül-i ci'ulqaju minqa mede'ülba

en §222 Further, Činggis Qa’an made the shepherd Degei bring together the unregistered households and put him in charge of a thousand.

translit. 223. basa gücügür moci-da irge tutaqdaju endece tendece qubciju jadaran-aca mulqalqu jük-iyer nököcelü'e gücügür mulqalqu qoyar niken-e minqalaju eyetüldüjü atqun ke'eba

en §223 Further, Činggis Qa’an said, ‘As the carpenter Güčügür lacks subjects to form a unit of a thousand, let these be collected from here and there and given to him. Since, from among the Jadaran, Mulqalqu has been a perfect companion to me, you two - Güčügür and Mulqalqu - be jointly in command of a thousand and consult with one another.’

translit. 224. ulus bayi'ululcaqsat jobolduqsad-i minqad-un noyat bolqaju minqa minqalaju minqad-un ja'ud-un harbad-un noyat tüsijü [tüme] tümelejü tümed-ün noyat tüsijü tümed-ün minqad-un noyat-ta soyurqal öktekün metüs-e soyurqal ökcü soyurqal jarliq bolqun-a bolju cinggis-qahan jarliq bolurun urida nayan kebte'ülsütü dalan turqaq kesiktentü büle'e

en §224 Činggis Qa’an made commanders of a thousand those who had established the state with him and who had suffered with him. Forming units of a thousand, he appointed the commanders of a thousand, of a hundred and of ten. Forming units of ten thousand, he appointed the commanders of ten thousand. The commanders of ten thousand and of a thousand to whom reward seemed appropriate, he rewarded; those who were to be commended, he commended. He gave them the following order: ‘Formerly, I had eighty men to serve on roster as nightguards and seventy men to serve as dayguards.

translit. edö'e möngke tenggeri-yin gücün-tür tenggeri qajar-a gücü auqa nemekdejü gür ulus-i sidurqutqaju qaqca jilu'a-dur-iyan oro'uluqsan-tur edö'e nadur kesikten turqaq minqat minqad-aca ilqaju oro'ulutqun oro'ulurun kebte'ül qorcin turqaq oro'ulurun tümen dü'ürgen oro'ulutqun ke'en jarliq bolba

en Now, by the strength of Eternal Heaven, my power has been increased by Heaven and Earth and I have brought the entire people to allegiance, causing them to come under my sole rule, so now choose men to serve on roster as dayguards from the various thousands and recruit them for me. When you recruit them and have nightguards, quiverbearers and dayguards enrolled, recruit them so as to make up a full ten thousand.’ So he ordered.

translit. basa cinggis-qahan kesikten ilqaju oro'ulqu-yi jarliq minqat minqat-ta tungqarun bidan-tur kesikten oro'ulurun tümed-ün minqad-un ja'ud-un noyad-un kö'üt düri-yin gü'ün-ü kö'üt ororun erdemü[t]ten (?) sil sayid-i bidan-u dergede yabuqun metüs-i oro'ultuqai minqad-un noyad-un kö'üd-i oro'ulurun harban nököttü niken de'ü inu daqa'ulju iretügei ja'ud-un noyad-un kö'üd-i oro'ulurun tabun nököttü niken de'ü-yi daqa'ulju iretügei harbad-un noyad-un kö'üd-i oro'ulurun düri-yin gü'ün-ü kö'üd-i oro'ulurun qurban nökörtü niken-gü de'ü-yi daqa'ulju huja'ur-aca ula'a gücü jasaju iretügei bidan-tur dergede yabu'ulqun-i bökelerün minqad-un noyad-un kö'üt-te harban nököt huja'ur minqan ja'un-aca qubciju öktügei ecige-yen ögüksen qubi kesik bö'esü inu beye qad-iyar oluqsan jö'eksen ere aqta kedüi bö'esü inu emcü qubi-aca anggida bidan-u kemleksen kem-iyer qubciju teyin qubciju jasaju öktügei ja'ud-un noyad-un kö'üt-te tabun nököt harbad-un noyad-un kö'üt-te düri-yin gü'ün-ü kö'üt-te qurban nököt mün-gü yosu-'ar inu emcü qubi-aca anggida mün teyin qubciju öktügei ke'en jarliq bolba

en Further, Činggis Qa’an proclaimed the following order to the various thousands regarding the selection and recruitment of the guards: ‘When guards will be recruited for Us, and the sons of commanders of ten thousand, of a thousand and of a hundred, or the sons of ordinary people, will enter Our service, those shall be recruited who are able and of good appearance, and who are deemed suitable to serve by Our side. When recruiting the sons of commanders of a thousand, they shall each bring with them ten companions and one younger brother. When recruiting the sons of commanders of a hundred, they shall each bring with them five companions and one younger brother. When recruiting the sons of commanders of ten, or the sons of ordinary people, they shall each bring with them three companions and, likewise, one younger brother; and they shall be provided with fully equipped mounts supplied by the units to which they originally belonged. When strengthening in this guise the number of those who will be placed to serve by Our side, the ten companions to be given to each of the sons of the commanders of a thousand must be drawn from the units of a thousand and the units of a hundred from which they originally came. Whether or not they have a share of goods given by their fathers and regardless of the number of men and geldings that they have personally acquired and constituted as their own patrimony, a levy shall be raised - independently of their personal share of goods - of mounts and men according to the amount fixed by Us and, levying men and preparing mounts in this manner, they shall be given to them. And exactly in the same manner, independently of their personal share of goods and levying in precisely the same way, five companions each shall be given to the sons of commanders of a hundred, and three companions each to the sons of commanders of ten, as well as to the sons of ordinary people.’ So he ordered.

translit. minqad-un ja'ud-un harbad-un noyat olon gü'ün bidan-u ene jarliq gürge'ülü'et sonosu'at bürün dabaqun haran aldaltan boltuqai bidan-tur kesik oro'uldaqun haran bultariju ülü bolqun haran bidan-u dergede yabuqui-ban berkesiye'esü busu-yi oro'ulju tere gü'ün-i ere'ülejü nidün-ü ecine qolo qajar-a ilēya ke'en jarliq bolba

en And he ordered, ‘As to the commanders of a thousand, of a hundred and of ten, and the numerous ordinary people who have received this order of Ours, or who have heard it, anyone who transgresses it shall be guilty and liable to punishment. As to the people who have been recruited to serve on roster for Us, if any of them are unsuitable for duty because they evade it, regarding their service by Our side as too difficult, we shall recruit others in their stead and we shall punish those people and send them to a distant place, out of Our sight.’

translit. dotona bidan-u dergede yabuju surulcasu ke'ejü bidan-tur irekün haran-i bu itqatuqai ke'eba

en And he said, ‘People who come to Us in order to learn to serve inside the tent by Our side shall not be hindered.’

translit. 225. cinggis-qa'an-u jarliq boluqsa'ar minqad-aca ilqaju ja'ud-un harbad-un noyad-un kö'üd-i mün-gü jarlig-iyar ilqaju qarqaju irejü urida nayan kebte'ül büle'ei naiman ja'ut bolqaba

en §225 Since Činggis Qa’an had issued an order, choosing guards from the units of a thousand and, according to the same order, choosing the sons of commanders of a hundred and of ten, as they came forward - formerly there were only eighty nightguards - he brought their number up to eight hundred.

translit. naiman ja'ut de'ere minqa dü'ürgetügei ke'eba

en And he said, ‘On top of the eight hundred, add to the number so as to make up a full thousand.’

translit. kebte'ül-tür oroqun-i bu itqatuqai ke'en jarliq bolba

en He ordered, ‘Those who want to enrol in the nightguards shall not be hindered.’

translit. kebte'ül-i yeke-ne'ürin aqalaju minqa medejü atuqai ke'en jarliq bolba

en And he ordered, ‘Yeke Ne’ürin shall be the commander of the nightguards and he shall be in charge of a thousand.’

translit. urida dörben ja'ut qorcin ilqaba

en Earlier four hundred quiverbearers had been chosen.

translit. ilqaju qorcin-i jelme-yin kö'ün yisün-te'e aqalaju tüge-yin kö'ün bügidei-lü'e eyetüldüjü atuqai ke'eba

en Choosing them anew, he said, ‘Yisün Te’e, the son of Jelme, shall be the commander of the quiverbearers and he shall act in consultation with Tüge’s son, Bügidei.’

translit. turqa'ut-lu'a qorcin kesik kesik-tür oroldurun yisün-te'e niken kesik qorcin-i aqalaju orotuqai bügidei niken kesik qorcin-i aqalaju orotuqai horqudaq niken kesik qorcin-i aqalaju orotuqai lablaqa niken kesik qorcin-i aqalaju orotuqai qor aqsaqui-a turqa'ud-un kesik kesik qorcin-iyan teyin aqalaju oro'ultuqai qorcin-i minqan dü'ürgejü yisün-te'e aqalaju atuqai ke'en jarliq bolba

en And he ordered, ‘When the quiverbearers together with the dayguards join to form the various companies, Yisün Te’e shall join as the commander of one company of quiverbearers; Bügidei shall join as the commander of one company of quiverbearers; Horqudaq shall join as the commander of one company of quiverbearers; and Lablaqa shall join as the commander of one company of quiverbearers. These four shall make their quiverbearers join the various companies of dayguards to carry quivers and so be their commanders. Yisün Te’e shall add to the number of quiverbearers to make up a full thousand and be the overall commander.’

translit. 226. urida ögele-cerbi-lü'e oroqsat turqa'ut de'ere minqan dü'ürgejü bo'orcu-yin uruq-aca ögele-cerbi medetügei ke'eba

en §226 Činggis Qa’an, bringing the number of dayguards who had formerly enrolled with Ögele Čerbi up to a full thousand, said, ‘Ögele Čerbi from the family of Bo’orču shall be in charge of them.’

translit. niken minqan turqa'ud-i muqali-yin uruq-aca buqa niken minqan turqa'ud-i medetügei ke'eba

en He said, ‘As for one thousand dayguards, Buqa from the family of Muqali shall be in charge of them.’

translit. ilügei-yin uruq-aca alcidai-yi niken minqan turqa'ud-i medetügei ke'eba

en He said, ‘Alčidai from the family of Ilügei shall be in charge of one thousand dayguards.’

translit. niken minqan turqa'ud-i dödei-cerbi medetügei niken minqan turqa'ud-i doqolqu-cerbi medetügei ke'eba

en He said, ‘Dödei Čerbi shall be in charge of one thousand dayguards and Doqolqu Čerbi shall be in charge of one thousand dayguards.’

translit. niken minqan turqa'ud-i jürcedei-yin uruq-aca canai medetügei niken minqan turqa'ud-i alci-yin uruq-aca aqutai medetügei niken minqan turqa'ud-i arqai-qasar niken minqan ilqaqsan ba'atud-i medejü olon üdür turqaq boltuqai qatquldu'an üdür urida bayiju ba'atut boltuqai ke'en jarliq bolba

en And he ordered, ‘Čanai from the family of Jürčedei shall be in charge of one thousand dayguards; Aqutai from the family of Alči shall be in charge of one thousand dayguards; Arqai Qasar shall be in charge of one thousand dayguards - one thousand chosen brave warriors - who, in the many days of peace shall serve as dayguards, and in the days of battle shall stand before me and be brave warriors.’

translit. minqat minqad-aca ilqaju irekset naiman minqat turqa'ut bolba

en Thus, there were eight thousand dayguards chosen from the various thousands;

translit. kebte'ül qorcin-lu'a qoyar-gü minqat bolba

en there were also two thousand nightguards with quiverbearers.

translit. tümen kesikten bolba

en Altogether there were ten thousand guards.

translit. cinggis-qahan jarliq bolurun bidan-u ca'ada tümen kesikten-i bökelejü yeke qol bolun atuqai ke'en jarliq bolba

en Činggis Qa’an ordered, ‘The ten thousand guards attached to Us shall be strengthened and become the main body of the army.’ So he ordered.

translit. 227. basa cinggis-qahan jarliq bolju turqa'ud-un dörben kesi'üd-ün ötögülegün-i tüsirün buqa niken kesik kesikten-i medejü kesikten-i jasaju orotuqai alcidai niken kesik kesikten-i medejü kesikten-i jasaju orotuqai dödei-cerbi niken kesik kesikten-i medejü kesikten-i jasaju orotuqai doqolqu-cerbi niken kesik kesikten-i medejü kesikten-i jasaju orotuqai ke'en dörben kesi'üd-ün ötögüs-i tüsijü kesik oroqui jarliq tungqarun kesik ororun kesig-ün noyan ö'er-tür-iyen kesiklekset kesikten-i bügütkejü kesik oroju qurban qonolduju ye'ütkeldütügei kesiktü gü'ün kesik ho'ara'asu tere kesik o'araqsan kesiktü-yi qurban beri'es süyitügei mün kesiktü basa nökö'e-te kesik ho'ara'asu dolo'an beri'es süyitügei basa mün gü'ün beye qat ebecin ügei kesig-ün noyat-tur eye üge'ü basa mün kesiktü qurban-ta kesik ho'ara'asu qucin dolo'an beri'es söyü'et bidan-tur yabuqui-ban berkesiyen aju'u

en §227 Further, when Činggis Qa’an issued the order appointing those who were to be the elders of the four companies of dayguards on roster duty, he said, ‘Buqa shall be in charge of one company of guards; he shall marshal them and take his turn of duty. Alčidai shall be in charge of one company of guards; he shall marshal them and take his turn of duty; Dödei Čerbi shall be in charge of one company of guards; he shall marshal them and take his turn of duty. Doqolqu Čerbi shall be in charge of one company of guards; he shall marshal them and take his turn of duty.’ So he appointed the elders of the four companies on roster duty. Činggis Qa’an promulgated the order about taking turns of duty, saying, ‘On taking his turn of duty, the commander of the company will himself muster the guards who are to serve on roster and then take his turn of duty; after spending three days and nights with them the company shall be relieved. If a member of the Guard fails to take his turn, the guard that has so failed shall be disciplined with three strokes of the rod. If the same guard fails again - for the second time - to take his turn of duty, he shall be disciplined with seven strokes of the rod. If, once more, the same man, without being sick in body and without having first consulted the commanders of the company, if the same guard fails once more - that is three times - to take his turn of duty, thus regarding his service by Our side as too difficult, he shall be disciplined with thirty-seven strokes of the rod

translit. ecine qolo qajar-a ilēya ke'en jarliq bolba

en and shall be sent to a distant place, out of Our sight.’ So he ordered.

translit. kesi'üd-ün ötögüs quta'ar quta'ar kesik-tür ene jarliq kesikten-e sonosqatqun ese sonosqa'asu kesi'üd-ün ötögüs aldaltan boltuqai jarliq sonosu'at bürün daba'asu jarliq-un yosu-'ar kesik ho'ara'asu kesikten aldaltan boltuqai ke'en jarliq bolba

en And he ordered, ‘The elders of the companies shall proclaim this order to the guards every third turn of duty. If the elders of the companies do not proclaim it they shall be guilty and liable to punishment. When the guards have heard the order, if they contravene it and fail to take their turn of duty according to the order they shall be guilty and liable to punishment.’ So he ordered.

translit. kesi'üd-ün ötögüs aqalaqdaba

en He said, ‘Elders of the companies,

translit. ele ke'en saca'un oroqsat minu kesikten-i nadaca eye ügei bu honcidutqun jasa[q] könde'esü nada ji'atqun mököri'ülkün yosutan bö'esü bida mököri'ülü-je nisiqdaqun yosutan bö'esü kebte'üljü nisit-je aqalaba

en do not reprimand my guards, who have enrolled as guards equal to you, without my permission and merely on the ground of seniority. If any of them breaks the law report it to me. Those liable to execution We shall certainly cut down. Those liable to be beaten We shall certainly compel to lie down and have them beaten.

translit. ele ke'ejü saca'un kesikten-i minu ö'er-ün qar köl gürgejü beri'edēsü beri'e-yin qari'u beri'e-gü nudurqa-yin qari'u nudurqa-gü qari'ultuqai ke'eba

en If you yourselves merely on the ground of seniority lay hands on my guards who are equal to you and strike them with a rod, as requital for strokes of the rod you shall be repaid with strokes of the rod, and as requital for fists you shall be repaid with fists.’

translit. 228. basa cinggis-qahan jarliq bolurun qadanadus minqad-un noyad-aca minu kesiktü de'ere bui-je qadanadus ja'ud-un harbad-un noyad-aca minu kesiktü-yin kötöcin de'ere bui-je minu kesikten-tür qadanadus minqali'ut saca'un bolju denggecen minu kesiktü-tür kereldü'esü minqali'udai gü'ün-i ere'üleya ke'en jarliq bolba

en §228 Further, Činggis Qa’an ordered, ‘My guards are of higher standing than the outside commanders of a thousand; the attendants of my guards are of higher standing than the outside commanders of a hundred and of ten. If outside leaders of a thousand, regarding themselves as equal to and a match for my guards, quarrel with them, We shall punish the persons who are leaders of a thousand.’ So he ordered.

translit. 229. basa cinggis-qahan jarliq bolurun kesik kesi'üd-ün noyat-ta jarliq tungqarun qorcin turqa'ut kesik oroju üdür-ün yabudal jük jük mör mör-tür-iyen yabuju naran-u qaltai-a kebte'ül-e jayilaju qadana qarcu qonotuqai bidan-tur söni kebte'ül qonan atuqai qorcin qor bawurcin ayaqa saba

en §229 Further, Činggis Qa’an issued the following order and proclaimed it to the commanders of the various companies: ‘When the quiverbearers, the dayguards and the stewards take their turn of duty, they shall carry out their day duties, each at his respective post. As the sun sets, they shall retire so as to be replaced by the nightguards and, going outside, they shall spend the night there. At night, the nightguards shall spend the night beside Us.

translit. kebte'ül-e ta'ulju ottuqai qadana qonoqsat qorcin turqa'ut bawurcin bidan-i šülen idetele kirü'e-tür sa'uju kebte'ül-tür kelecilejü šülen iden bara'asu qorcin qor-tur turqaq sa'urin-dur-iyan bawurcin ayaqa saba-dur-iyan ta'araldutuqai kesik kesik oroqun mün mün yosu-'ar ene qa'uli-bar teyin kitügei ke'en jarliq bolba

en The quiverbearers shall leave, turning over their quivers - and the stewards their bowls and vessels - to the nightguards. The following morning, the quiverbearers, dayguards and stewards who have spent the night outside shall stay at the horse station while We eat Our soup; then, they will report to the nightguards. When We have finished eating Our morning soup, the quiverbearers shall return to their quivers, the dayguards to their appointed place and the stewards to their bowls and vessels. Those who take their turn of duty on roster must all act thus, in precisely the same manner, according to this ordinance.’ So he ordered.

translit. naran singgeksen-ü qoyina ordo-yin qoyina'un urida'un ketügeljen yabuqu gü'ün-i bariju kebte'ül bariju qonoju manaqari kebte'ül üges inu asaqtuqai kebte'ül kesik ye'ütkeldürün belge anu da'ulju oroju iretügei ye'ütgejü qarqun kebte'ül ta'ulju-gü qarcu ottuqai ke'eba

en He said, ‘Any person who moves about crosswise at the rear or front of the Palace after sunset shall be arrested and the nightguards shall hold him in custody for the night. The following morning, the nightguards shall question him. When the company is relieved, the incoming nightguards shall hand over their passes and only then come in and take their turn of duty; the outgoing nightguards when relieved shall likewise hand theirs over and depart.’

translit. kebte'ül söni ordo horcin gebtejü e'üten daruju bayiqsat kebte'ül söni oroqun haran-i ekit anu dalbaru mürüs anu ba'utala cabciju o'orutqun ya'aral keleten haran söni ire'esü kebte'ül-tür kelelejü ger-ün ümerece kebte'ül-lü'e qamtu bayiju kelele'ültügei ke'eba

en He said, ‘The nightguards at night lie down all around the Palace; you, nightguards who stand guarding the door, shall hack any persons entering at night until their heads are split open and their shoulders fall apart, then cast them away. If any persons come at night with an urgent message, they must report to the nightguards and communicate the message to me while standing together with the nightguards at the rear of the tent.’

translit. kebte'ül-ece de'ere sa'uri ken ber bu sa'utuqai kebte'ül-ece kelen ügei ken ber bu orotuqai kebte'ül-ün dege'ün ken ber bu yabutuqai kebte'ül-ün jaqa'un bu yabutuqai kebte'ül-ün to'a bu asaqtuqai kebte'ül-ün dege'ün yabuqun haran-i kebte'ül barituqai jaqa'un yabuqun haran-i kebte'ül barituqai to'a asaquqsan gü'ün-i kebte'ül tere gü'ün-i tere-gü üdür-ün unuqsan aqta eme'eltü qadārtu-yi emüsüksen qubcasun selte kebte'ül abtuqai ke'en jarliq bolba

en ‘No one is to sit in a place above the nightguards. No one is to enter the precinct without permission from the nightguards. No one is to walk up beyond the nightguards. One must not walk between the nightguards. One must not ask the number of nightguards. The nightguards shall arrest the people who walk up beyond them. The nightguards shall arrest the people who walk between them. And the nightguards - with regard to any person who shall have asked their number - the nightguards shall seize the gelding that that person was riding that very day, with saddle and bridle, together with the clothes that he was wearing.’ So he ordered.

translit. eljigedei itegeltü bö'etele jilda kebte'ül-ün dege'ün yabuqu bolun kebte'ül-e ker bariqdala'a 230. cinggis-qahan ügülerün e'ületei söni örügetei ger minu e'eren kebtejü örük nuta unta'ulju ene oron-tur gürgeksen ötögüs kebte'ül minu hodutai söni ordo ger minu horcin kebtejü oron dotora ese oqjatqaqsan öljeitan kebte'ül minu üntür oron-tur gürgeba

en Eljigedei, even though he was a trustworthy person, was he not arrested by the nightguards when in the evening he happened to walk up beyond them? §230 Činggis Qa’an said, ‘My elder nightguards who, in the cloudy night, Lying down around my vented tent, Ensured that I slept in quiet and peace, You have made me gain this throne. My blessed nightguards who, in the starry night, Lying down all around my Palace tent, Ensured that I was without fear in my bed. You have made me gain the high throne.

translit. siljirin büküi boro'on-a silgütken büküi jü'en-e citqun büküi qura-da siltesütei ger minu horcin jirin (?) ülü kin bayiju jirüge amu'uluqsan cing setkilten kebte'ül minu jirqalang oron-tur gürgeba

en My true-hearted nightguards who in the swirling snowstorm, In shivering cold, in pouring rain, taking no rest, Stood all around my latticed tent Bringing peace to my heart, You have made me gain this throne of joy.

translit. ibulun büküi dayisun dotora irgetei ger minu horcin hirmes ülü kin itqaju bayiqsat itegelten kebte'ül minu uyilsun qor ubis kiküi-tür udal ügei bayidaltan uriyarqun kebte'ül minu qutan qor qubis kiküi-tür qojit ese bayiqsat qurdun yabudaltan kebte'ül minu öljeiten kebte'ül minu ötögüs kebte'ül ke'ekdün ögöle-cerbi-lü'e oroqsat dalan turqag-i yekes turqa'ut ke'ekdün arqai-yin ba'atud-i ötögüs ba'atut ke'etkün yisün-te'e bügidei-tan qorcin-i yekes qorcin ke'etkün ke'en jarliq bolba

en My trustworthy nightguards, who in the midst Of trouble-making enemies, not blinking an eye, Stood all around my felt-girt tent Withstanding their onslaught; My watchful nightguards who, hearing the enemy’s Quivers of birch-bark barely rattling, Stood up without delay; My swift-moving nightguards who, hearing the enemy’s Quivers of willow-wood barely rattling, Stood up not a moment too late; My blessed nightguards, from now on You shall call yourselves “the elder nightguards.” The seventy dayguards who had enrolled with Ögöle Čerbi shall be called “the great dayguards.” The brave warriors of Arqai shall be called “the elder brave warriors.” The quiverbearers Yisün Te’e, Bügidei and the others shall be called “the great quiverbearers.”’ So he ordered.

translit. 231. yeren tabun minqad-aca minu beye ca'ada emcülen ilqaju irekset tümen emcü kesikten-i minu mona qoyina minu oro sa'uqsan kö'üt uruq-un uruq-a minu ede kesikten-i geri'es metü setkijü ülü gemüri'ülün sayitur asaratqun ede tümen kesikten-i minu nendü'üt qutuq ke'ejü ülü-'ű aqdu'ai ke'eba

en §231 Činggis Qa’an said, ‘As for my ten thousand personal guards who have come to serve in my presence, chosen for personal service from the ninety-five thousand, you, sons of mine who will later sit on my throne to the offspring of my offspring, considering these guards as a keepsake from me, give them no cause for dissatisfaction, but take good care of them! These ten thousand guards - will they not be called my beneficent spirits?’

translit. 232. basa cinggis-qahan ügülerün ordo-yin cerbin ökid-i ger-ün kö'üt teme'ecin-i hükecin-i kebte'ül basa'alaju ordo-yin ger tergen-i asaratuqai tuq gü'ürge dōro jida kebte'ül asaratuqai ayaqa saba

en §232 Further, Činggis Qa’an said, ‘The nightguards shall be in charge of the female attendants of the Palace, the “sons of the household”, the camel-keepers and the cowherds, and they shall take care of the tent-carts of the Palace. The nightguards shall take care of the standards and drums, and the spears arranged beneath them.

translit. kebte'ül-gü asaratuqai bidan-u undān ide'en-i kebte'ül daruqalatuqai ötken ber miqan ide'en-i kebte'ül daruqalaju bolqatuqai undān ide'en-i qor qomsa bolu'asu daruqalaqdaqsat kebte'ül-ece eriya ke'eba

en The nightguards shall also take care of the bowls and vessels. The nightguards shall supervise Our drink and food. The nightguards shall supervise and cook the uncut meat and food as well: if drink and food are lacking, we shall seek them from the nightguards who have been entrusted with their supervision.’

translit. qorcin undān ide'en tüke'erün daruqalaqsat kebte'ül-ece eye ügei bu tükētügei ide'e tüge'erün urida kebte'ül-ece teri'ülen tüge'etügei ke'eba

en And he said, ‘When the quiverbearers distribute drink and food, they must not distribute them without permission from the supervising nightguards. When they distribute food, they shall first distribute it beginning with the nightguards.’

translit. ordo ger-tür oroqu qarqu-yi kebte'ül jasatuqai e'üten-tür kebte'ül-ün e'üdecin ger ca'ada bayituqai kebte'ül-ece qoyar oroju yeke tüsürge barin atuqai ke'eba

en And he said, ‘Entering into and going out from the Palace tent must be regulated by the nightguards. At the door, the doorkeepers from the nightguards shall stand right next to the tent. Two from the nightguards shall enter into the tent and oversee the large kumis pitchers.’

translit. kebte'ül-ece nuntu'ucin yabuju ordo ger bawūltuqai ke'eba

en And he said, ‘The campmasters from the nightguards shall go before Us and set up the Palace tent.’

translit. bidan-i sibawulaqui abalaqui-tur kebte'ül bidan-lu'a sibawulaldun abalaldun yabutuqai tergen-tür jarimud-iyan caqlaju talbituqai ke'eba

en And he said, ‘When We go falconing or hunting, the nightguards shall go falconing and hunting with Us; but exactly one half of them shall stay at the carts.’

translit. 233. basa cinggis-qahan ügülerün bidan-u beye cerik ese qaru'asu kebte'ül bidan-aca anggida cerik bu qartuqai ke'eba

en §233 Further, Činggis Qa’an said, ‘If We Ourselves do not go on a military campaign the nightguards must not take the field without Us.’

translit. eyin ke'e'ülü'et jarliq dabaju kebte'ül-i nayitaju cerik qarqaqun cerik medegü cerbin aldaltan boltuqai ke'en jarliq bolba

en So he said, and gave the following order: ‘After being thus instructed by Us, the chamberlains in charge of troops who transgress the order and, out of jealousy for the nightguards, send them out on campaign, shall be guilty and liable to punishment.’

translit. kebte'ül-ün cerik ker ülü qarqaqdamui ke'emüi-je ta kebte'ül-lü minu altan amin sakimui sibawulan abalan yabuqui-tur joboldumui ordo qadaqala'uldaju newüküi-tür örük-tür terge asaramui minu beye sakiju qonoqu kilbar-ū bui ger tergen yeke a'uruq newüküi-tür sa'uqui-tur asaraqui kilbar-ū bui teyin dabqur qaqas qaqas yabudaltan ke'ejü bidan-aca anggida ö'ere cerik bu yabutuqai ke'eküi teyimü bui-je ke'ejü'üi

en And he said, ‘You say, “Why is it that soldiers from the nightguards are not sent out on campaign?” It is the nightguards that watch over my golden life. When I go falconing or hunting, they toil with me; being charged with the administration of the Palace, whether this is moving or stationary, they look after the carts. Is it an easy thing to spend the night watching over my person? Is it an easy thing to look after the tentcarts when the main base camp is in movement or settled? The reason why We say that they must not take the field separately and without Us, is because We say to Ourselves that they have already so many and quite distinct duties.’

translit. 234. basa jarliq bolurun sigi-qutuqu-lu'a jarqu kebte'ül-ece jarqu sonosulcatuqai ke'eba

en §234 Further, Činggis Qa’an gave the following order: ‘Some of the nightguards shall decide on judicial matters together with Šigi Qutuqu.’

translit. kebte'ül-ece qor numu quyaq jebe asaraju tüge'eldütügei aqtas-aca asaraju hö'ösin aciju yabutuqai ke'eba

en And he said, ‘Some of the nightguards shall take care of quivers, bows, breastplates and weapons, and they shall distribute them. Managing some of the geldings, they shall load the hunting nets on to them.’

translit. kebte'ül-ece cerbin-lü'e a'urasu tüge'eldütügei ke'eba

en And he said, ‘Some of the nightguards, together with the chamberlains, shall distribute the satin.’

translit. qorcin turqa'ud-un nuntuq ji'arun yisün-te'e bükidei-tan qorcin alcidai ögöle aqutai-tan turqa'ut ordo-yin bara'un ete'et yabutuqai ke'eba

en And he said, ‘When the quiverbearers and the dayguards have reported on the establishment of the encampment, the quiverbearers such as Yisün Te’e and Bükidei, and the dayguards such as Alčidai, Ögöle and Aqutai, shall take up duty on the right side of the Palace.’

translit. buqa dödei-cerbi doqolqu-cerbi canai-tan turqa'ut ordo-yin jewün ete'et yabutuqai ke'eba

en And he said, ‘The dayguards such as Buqa, Dödei Čerbi, Doqolqu Čerbi and Čanai shall take up duty on the left side of the Palace.’

translit. arqai-yin ba'atut ordo-yin urida yabutuqai ke'eba

en And he said, ‘Arqai’s brave warriors shall take up duty in front of the Palace.’

translit. kebte'ül ordo ger terge asara'at ordo-yin dergede jewün ete'et yabutuqai ke'eba

en And he said, ‘The nightguards, having taken care of the tentcarts of the Palace, shall take up duty in the proximity of the Palace, on the left side.’

translit. bürin kesikten turqa'ud-i ordo horcin ordo-yin ger-ün kö'üd-i adu'ucin qonicin temēcin hükecin-i ordo darun dödei-cerbi uqaju atuqai ke'en tüsiba

en And he said, ‘Dödei Čerbi shall constantly supervise the Palace: all the guards who are dayguards, and, round about the Palace, the “sons of the household” of the Palace, the horse-herders, shepherds, camel-keepers and cowherds.’

translit. dödei-cerbi darun aju ordo-yin qoyinaca qoq idejü qoma'ul tülejü yabutuqai ke'en jarliq bolba

en He appointed him and gave the following order: ‘Dödei Čerbi shall take up duty and be constantly present, at the rear of the Palace, Eating scraps of leftovers, Burning dried dung.’

translit. 235. qubilai-noyan-i qarlu'ut-tur ca'ura'ulba

en §235 Činggis Qa’an sent Qubilai Noyan to fight against the Qarlu’ut.

translit. qarlu'ud-un arslan-qan qubilai-tur elsen irejü'üi

en Arslan Qan of the Qarlu’ut came to submit to Qubilai.

translit. qubilai-noyan arslan-qan-i abu'at irejü cinggis-qahan-tur a'ulja'ulba

en Qubilai Noyan took Arslan Qan back with him and made him pay homage to Činggis Qa’an.

translit. ese bulqaba ke'en cinggis-qahan arslan-i soyurqaju öki ögüye ke'en jarliq bolba

en Because he had not opposed resistance, Činggis Qa’an showed favour to Arslan and said, ‘I shall give him a daughter in marriage.’

translit. 236. sübe'etei-ba'atur temür telegetü merkid-ün toqto'a-yin qutu cila'un teri'üten kö'üd-i inu neken ca'uraju cui-müren-e güyicejü muqutqaju ireba

en §236 Sübe’etei Ba’atur, who had been provided with an iron cart, had gone on a campaign in pursuit of the sons of Toqto’a of the Merkit led by Qutu and Čila’un. He overtook them at the Čui River, destroyed them and came back.

translit. 237. jebe naiman-u gücülük-qan-i nekejü sariq-qun-a güyicejü gücülük-i muqutqaju ireba

en §237 Jebe, pursuing Güčülük Qan of the Naiman, overtook him at Sariq Qun. He destroyed Güčülük and came back.

translit. 238. ui'ud-un idu'ut cinggis-qahan-tur elcin ilējü'ü

en §238 The idu’ut of the Ui’ut sent envoys to Činggis Qa’an.

translit. at-kiraq (?) darbai qoyar elcin-iyer öcijü ilērün e'ülen arilju eke naran üjeksen metü mölsün arilju müren usun oluqsan metü cinggis-qa'an-u nere aldar sonoscu masi bayasba

en Through the envoys Atkiraq and Darbai he had the following petition conveyed to him: ‘As if one saw Mother Sun When the clouds disperse; As if one came upon the river water When the ice disappears, so I greatly rejoiced when I heard of the fame of Činggis Qa’an.

translit. cinggis-qahan soyurqa'asu altan büse-yin qorgi-daca al de'el-ün hürtesün-ece olu'asu dabtu'ar kö'ün cinu bolju gücü öksü ke'en öcijü ilējü'üi

en If through your favour, O Činggis Qa’an, I were to obtain But a ring from your golden belt, But a thread from your crimson coat, I will become your fifth son and will serve you.’

translit. tere üge-tür cinggis-qahan soyurqaju qari'u ügülejü ilērün öki ber ögüya dabtu'ar kö'ün boltuqai altan mönggü subut tanas nacit dardas torqat abu'at idu'ut iretügei ke'ejü ilēbesü idu'ut soyu[r]qaqdaba ke'en bayascu altan mönggü subut tanas torqat nacit dardas a'urasun abu'at idu'ut irejü cinggis-qahan-tur a'uljaba

en Činggis Qa’an, in reply to those words and showing favour to him, sent the following message: ‘I shall give him a daughter and let him become my fifth son. The idu’ut must come, bringing with him gold, silver, small and big pearls, brocades, damasks and silks.’ The idu’ut rejoiced because he had been favoured; and taking with him gold, silver, small and big pearls, silks, brocades, damasks and satins, he came and paid homage to Činggis Qa’an.

translit. cinggis-qahan idu'ud-i soyurqaju al-altun-i ökba

en Činggis Qa’an favoured the idu’ut and gave him his daughter Al Altun in marriage.

translit. 239. ta'ulai jil joci-yi bara'un qar-un ceri'üd-iyer hoi-yin irgen-tür morila'ulba

en §239 In the Year of the Hare (1207), Činggis Qa’an sent Joči with the troops of the right wing on an expedition against the People of the Forest.

translit. buqa qajarcilaju otba

en Buqa went with him acting as a guide.

translit. oyirad-un quduqa-beki tümen-oyirad-un urida elsen oroju ireba

en Quduqa Beki of the Oyirat came to submit ahead of the Tümen Oyirat.

translit. irejü joci-yi uduritcu tümen-oyirat-dur-iyan qajarcilaju siqsit-tur oro'ulba

en He came and, acting as a guide, led Joči to the territory of the Tümen Oyirat and made them submit at the Šiqšit River.

translit. joci oyirat buriyat barqun ursut qabqanas qangqas tubas-i oro'ulu'at tümen-kirgisut-tur gürü'esü kirgisud-un noyat yedi-inal aldi-er örebek-digin kirgisud-un noyat elsen oroju caqa'a-nu'ut singqot caqa'a-nu'ut aqtas qara-nu'ut buluqat abu'at irejü joci-da a'uljaba

en Joči brought the Oyirat, Buriyat, Barqun, Ursut, Qabqanas, Qangqas and Tubas under submission. When he reached the territory of the Tümen Kirgisut, their leaders Yedi Inal, Aldi Er and Örebek Digin - these leaders of the Kirgisut - came to submit. Bringing with them gifts of white gerfalcons, white geldings and black sables, they paid homage to Joči.

translit. sibir kesdim bayit tuqas tenlek tö'eles tas bajigid-aca inaqsi hoi-yin irgen-i joci oro'ulju kirgisud-un tümed-ün minqad-un noyad-i hoi-yin irgen-ü noyad-i abu'at irejü cinggis-qahan-tur caqa'a-nu'ut singqod-iyar caqa'a-nu'ut aqtas-iyar qara-nu'ut buluqad-iyar a'ulja'ulba

en After Joči had subjugated the People of the Forest from the Šibir, Kesdim, Bayit, Tuqas, Tenlek, Tö’eles, Tas and Bajigit up to this side, he came back bringing with him the commanders of ten thousand and of thousands of the Kirgisut and the leaders of the People of the Forest. He caused them to pay homage to Činggis Qa’an with gifts of white gerfalcons, white geldings and black sables.

translit. oyirad-un quduqa-beki-yi uqtun urida elsen tümen-oyirad-iyan uduridun ireba ke'en soyurqaju kö'ün-e inu inalci-da ceceyigen-i ökba

en Činggis Qa’an welcomed Quduqa Beki of the Oyirat, saying, ‘He came to submit before the others, leading the Tümen Oyirat.’ And he showed favour to him, giving Čečeyigen to his son Inalči.

translit. inalci-yin aqa törölci-da joci-yin öki qoluiqan-i ökba

en He gave Joči’s daughter Qoluiqan to Törölči, elder brother of Inalči.

translit. alaqa-beki-yi önggüt-da ökba

en He gave Alaqa Beki to the ruler of the Önggüt.

translit. cinggis-qahan joci-yi soyurqaju ügülerün kö'üd-ün minu aqa ci ger-tece sayi qarcu mör sayitu oduqsan qajar-a ere aqta-yi ülü sirqan ülü joba'an öljeitü hoi-yin irgen-i oro'ulju ireba

en Činggis Qa’an favoured Joči, saying, ‘You, eldest of my sons, who only now for the first time have left home, you have been lucky. Without wounding or causing suffering to man or gelding in the lands where you went, you came back having subjugated the fortunate People of the Forest.

translit. ci irge cimada öksü ke'en jarliq bolba

en I shall give this people to you.’ So he ordered.

translit. 240. basa boro'ul-noyan-i qori-tumat irgen-tür ca'ura'ulba

en §240 Further, he sent Boro’ul Noyan to fight against the Qori Tumat people.

translit. tumat irgen-ü noyan daiduqul-soqor-i ükü'esü eme inu botoqui-tarqun tumat irgen-i medejü aju'u

en As Daiduqul Soqor, the leader of the Tumat people, had died, his wife Botoqui Tarqun was governing them.

translit. boroqul-noyan gürcü qurban haran yeke cerig-ece urida yabura otcu üde jilda uqamsar berke hoi-tur horum-iyar yabuqun bolun qara'ul-a anu qoyina'un dērmettejü horum bo'oju boroqul-noyan-i bariju alaju'ui tumat boroqul-i alaju'ui ke'en medejü cinggis-qahan masi kilinglaju ö'esün morilan tu'urbi'asu bo'orcu muqali qoyar cinggis-qa'an-i bayitala itqaba

en Upon reaching their territory, Boroqul Noyan with two others - three men altogether - set out from the main army to proceed ahead of it. In the evening, as they were going along a trail in the dense forest and were off guard, they were attacked from the rear by their patrolmen, who blocked the trail. Boroqul Noyan was caught and killed. When Činggis Qa’an learnt that the Tumat had killed Boroqul, he was greatly angered and prepared to move in person against them, but Bo’orču and Muqali pleaded with him until he desisted.

translit. jici dörbetei dörbei-doqsin-i tüsirün cerik qatangqui-a jasaju möngke tenggeri-yi jalbariju tumat irgen-i oro'ulun sori ke'en jarliq bolba

en Thereupon he appointed Dörbei Doqšin of the Dörbet and commanded him thus: ‘Set the army in strict order, pray to Eternal Heaven and strive to subdue the Tumat people!’

translit. dörbei cerik jasarun urida cerig-ün yabuqu qara'ul-un sakiqu mör horum sübes-tür hoqtorqui erbegelje'üljü (?) hula'an buqa-yin yabuqsan mör-iyer ceri'üt-tür jasaqlarun cerig-ün to'otu gü'ün jirüge yada'asu nisiquya ere-tür harban müsüt űrge'üljü süke uqali kirü'e si'üci ere-yin jer jebsek jasa'ulju hula'an buqa-yin yabuqsan mör-iyer mör-tür bayiqsan modut hoqtocin cabci'ulju kirügede'üljü mör bolqaju a'ula de'ere qaru'asu tumat irgen-ü erüge de'erece genet qurimlan sa'uqui-tur dawuliba

en Dörbei set the army in order and beforehand made a decoy manoeuvre along the paths, trails and passes where the army was expected to advance and which enemy patrols would keep under surveillance. Then, going by paths trodden by the red bull, he issued an ordinance to his warriors that, with regard to all the men in the army, if anyone lost heart and refused to proceed, they should beat him, and he made each man carry ten rods for this purpose; he also had axes, adzes, saws, chisels and weapons prepared for the men. Along the paths trodden by the red bull he had them chop, hew and saw the trees that stood in the way, thus making a road for the army to pass. They went up the mountain and, as though falling on to the smoke-hole of the tents of the Tumat people who were busy feasting, they took them by surprise and plundered them.

translit. 241. urida qorci-noyan quduqa-beki qoyar tumat-ta bariqdaju botoqui-tarqun-tur tende aju'u

en §241 Earlier Qorči Noyan and Quduqa Beki had been seized by the Tumat and were there, with Botoqui Tarqun.

translit. qorci-yin bariqdaqu yosun tumat irgen-ü ökit qo'astan qucin emes abtuqai ke'en jarliq boluqsan-tur tumat irgen-ü ökit abqu ke'en otqu bolun urida elsekset irgen jici bulqa bolju qorci-noyan-i bariju'ui qorci tumat-da bariqdaju'u ke'en cinggis-qahan medejü hoi-yin irgen-ü yabudal quduqa medemü-je ke'ejü ilē'esü quduqa-beki basa bariqdaju'u

en The way in which Qorči was seized was the following: When Činggis Qa’an said, ‘The girls of the Tumat people are beautiful; let him take thirty wives from among them’, Qorči went, intending to take the girls of the Tumat people, but these people, who had formerly submitted, now rebelled and seized Qorči Noyan. When Činggis Qa’an learnt that Qorči had been seized by the Tumat, he said, ‘Quduqa knows the ways and manners of the People of the Forest’, and sent him to them, but Quduqa Beki was also seized.

translit. tumat irgen-i oro'ulun bara'asu boroqul-un yasun-u tula ja'un tumad-i ökba

en After he had brought the Tumat people completely under submission, Činggis Qa’an, because of the death of Boroqul gave one hundred Tumat to his family.

translit. qorci qucin ökid-i abuba

en Qorči took thirty girls.

translit. quduqa-beki-de botoqui-tarqun-i ökba

en Činggis Qa’an gave Botoqui Tarqun to Quduqa Beki.

translit. 242. cinggis-qahan jarliq bolju eke-de kö'üt-te de'ü-ner-e irge qubiyaju ögüye ke'en ögürün ulus quriya'an jobaqsat eke buyu-je kö'üd-ün minu aqa joci bui-je de'ü-ner-ün minu nilqa otcigin bui-je ke'ejü eke-de otcikin-u qubi ki'et tümen irge ökba

en §242 Činggis Qa’an decreed that he would apportion the subject people among his mother, children and younger brothers. When he gave them their share, he said, ‘The one who toiled most gathering the people was mother. The eldest of my sons is Joči. The youngest of my younger brothers is Otčigin.’ To his mother, together with Otčigin’s share, he gave ten thousand people.

translit. eke cimatcu ese dorigqotba

en The mother was dissatisfied, thinking them too few, but she did not complain.

translit. joci-de yisün minqat irge ökba

en To Joči he gave nine thousand people.

translit. ca'adai-a naiman minqat irge ökba

en To Ča’adai he gave eight thousand people.

translit. ögödai-a tabun minqat irge ökba

en To Ögödei he gave five thousand people.

translit. tolui-a tabun minqat irge ökba

en To Tolui he gave five thousand people.

translit. qasar-a dörben minqat irge ökba

en To Qasar he gave four thousand people.

translit. alcidai-a qoyar minqat irge ökba

en To Alčidai he gave two thousand people.

translit. belgütai-ya niken minqan tabun ja'ut irge ökba

en To Belgütei he gave one thousand five hundred people.

translit. da'aritai gereyit-lu'a bolulcaba ke'en nidün-ü ecine ecitgeya ke'ebesü bo'orcu muqali sigi-qutuqu qurban ügülerün ö'er-ün qal-iyan sönö'egü metü ö'er-ün ger-i'e[n] ebdegü metü sayin ecige-yin cinu geri'es qaqca abaqa cinu qocorcu amu ker tebcigü inu ese uqaqsan-tur bütügei sayin ecige-yin cinu nilqa nuntuq hüni butara'ulcaju atuqai ke'ekdejü qabar-aca hüni qangsitala qaqas kelelekdejü je deli ke'en sayin ecige-yi setkijü bo'orcu muqali sigi-qutuqu qurban-u kelen-tür amurliba-je 243. bi eke-de otcikin-a tümen irge ökcü noyad-aca gücü kököcü jungsai qorqasun dörben-i tüsiba

en He said, ‘Dāritai joined the Kereyit. I shall wipe him from my sight.’ On that, Bo’orču, Muqali and Šigi Qutuqu spoke saying, ‘This action would be Like extinguishing one’s own hearth-fire, Like destroying one’s own tent. As a reminder of your good father, only your paternal uncle is left. How can you do away with him? He acted without thinking, so spare him. Allow the youngest brother of your good father, together with his people, to let the smoke of their camp swirl up!’ And they reasoned with him until he was so moved that He snuffled, as if He had smoke in his nose. ‘Right!’ - he said, and thinking of his good father, he calmed down at the words of Bo’orču, Muqali and Šigi Qutuqu. §243 Činggis Qa’an said, ‘I have given ten thousand people to mother and to Otčigin, and for them I have appointed the four commanders Güčü, Kököčü, Jungsai and Qorqasun.

translit. joci-da qunan möngke'ür kete qurban-i tüsiba

en For Joči I have appointed the three commanders Qunan, Möngke’ür and Kete.

translit. ca'adai-tur qaracar möngke idoqudai qurban-i tüsiba

en For Ča’adai I have appointed the three commanders Qaračar, Möngke and Idoqudai.’

translit. basa cinggis-qahan ügülerün ca'adai kece'ü buyu narin aburitu buyu köke-cos üde manaqar dergede aju setkiksen-iyen kelelen atuqai ke'en jarliq bolba

en Further, Činggis Qa’an said, ‘Ča’adai is headstrong and is, by nature, punctilious. Köke Čos shall stay at his side evening and morning, and shall tell him what he thinks.’ So he ordered.

translit. ögödei-tür ilüge degei qoyar-i tüsiba

en For Ögödei he appointed both Hüge and Degei.

translit. tolui-tur jedei bala qoyar-i tüsiba

en For Tolui he appointed both Jedei and Bala.

translit. qasar-tur jebke-yi tüsiba

en For Qasar he appointed Jebke.

translit. alcidai-tur ca'urqai-yi tüsiba

en For Alčidai he appointed Ča’urqai.

translit. 244. qongqotadai mönglik-eci'e-yin kö'üt dolo'an büle'ei dolo'an-u dumdadu kököcü teb-tenggeri büle'e

en §244 The sons of Father Mönglik of the Qongqotan were seven. The middle one was Kököčü Teb Tenggeri.

translit. tede dolo'an qongqotan qasar-i ömērejü janciju'ui qasar dolo'an qongqotan-a ömērejü janciqda'a ke'en cinggis-qa'an-a sögödü'esü cinggis-qahan busut-tur kilinglaju aqui dumda kelelegü bolun cinggis-qahan kiling-dur-iyan qasar-i ügülerün amitu-da ülü ilaqdaqu-aca büle'e

en Those seven ganged up and beat Qasar. When Qasar, kneeling before Činggis Qa’an, told him that he had been beaten by the seven Qongqotan who had ganged up against him, Činggis Qa’an was angry about other matters. While Qasar was still talking, Činggis Qa’an in his anger said to him, ‘In the past you have done nothing but claim that you would not be vanquished by any living being.

translit. ci ker ilaqda'a ci ke'ekdejü qasar nilbusu alda'at boscu yorciju qasar ma'uilaju qurban üdür ese ireba

en How is it that you have now been vanquished?’ At this Qasar wept, then rose and left. Qasar was vexed and for three days in succession did not come before Činggis Qa’an.

translit. tende teb-tenggeri cinggis-qa'an-a ügülerün möngke tenggeri-yin jarliq qan ja'arit ügülemü niken-te temüjin ulus barituqai ke'emü niken-te qasar-i ke'emü qasar-i ese nende'esü mede'e ügei bui-je ke'ekdejü cinggis-qahan mün söni morilaju qasar-i barira odu'asu gücü kököcü qoyar qasar-i barira otba ke'en eke-de ja'aju'u

en After this, Teb Tenggeri said to Činggis Qa’an, ‘The decree of Eternal Heaven concerning the ruler has been foretold by heavenly signs as follows: once they say that Temüjin will hold the nation, once that Qasar will. If you don’t strike at Qasar by surprise, there is no knowing what will happen!’ On these words, Činggis Qa’an that very night rode off to seize Qasar. When he left, Güčü and Kököčü informed the mother that he had gone to seize Qasar.

translit. eke mede'et söni bö'et uda'aran caqa'an teme'en köljü qara'utai tergetei söni-de dülin yorciju naran urququi-lu'a gürü'esü cinggis-qahan qasar-un qancut huyaju maqalai büse inu abcu üge inu asaqun büküi-tür eke-de gürtejü cinggis-qahan geyekcü eke-dece emi'eba

en When the mother heard this, straightaway - it was still night - she harnessed a white camel and set out in a black covered cart, travelling all night. On her arrival at sunrise, Činggis Qa’an had tied up the opening of Qasar’s sleeves, removed his hat and belt, and was interrogating him. Činggis Qa’an, surprised by the mother descending upon him, became afraid of her.

translit. eke a'urlaju gürcü tergen-ece bawu'at eke ö'esün qasar-un huyaqsat qancut dalju talbi'at maqalai büse inu qasar-a ökcü eke kilinglaju a'ur-iyan darun yadan jabilan sa'uju qoyar kököd-iyen qarqaju qoyar ebüdük dege'ün bisari'ulju ügülerün üjebe-yű kököksen köken tanu ene bui ede qadalun da'un qarbisu-'an qajaqsat küi-iyen tasuluqsat qasar yekibe temüjin ene niken kökö minu baraqu büle'e

en The mother was furious. As soon as she got there and dismounted from the cart, she herself untied and loosened Qasar’s sleeves, the opening of which had been tied up, and gave back to Qasar his hat and belt. The mother was so angered that she was unable to contain her fury. She sat cross-legged, took out both her breasts, laid them over her knees and said, ‘Have you seen them? They are the breasts that suckled you, and these are the ones who, rushing out of my womb, Have snapped at their own afterbirth, Have cut their own birth cord. What has Qasar done? Temüjin used to drain this one breast of mine.

translit. qaci'un otcigin qoya'ula bolju niken kökö ülü baraqu büle'e

en Qači’un and Otčigin between them did not drain a single breast.

translit. qasar bürün qoyar büri kököt minu baraju ce'eji minu a'ui boltala amurli'ulju ce'eji a'ui bolqaqu büle'e

en As for Qasar, he completely drained both my breasts and brought me comfort until my bosom relaxed. He used to make my bosom relax.

translit. te'über erdemtü temüjin minu ce'eji erdemtü qasar minu qabu gücü erdemtü tula qarbucaju qaruqsan-i qarbuju oro'ulqu büle'e

en Therefore, My able Temüjin Has skill of mind, My Qasar has skill in archery And might, and so he was wont To shoot and subdue All those on the run, shooting at him.

translit. oqjatcu qaruqsan-i hontucaju oro'ulqu büle'e

en With long-distance arrows he was wont To shoot and subdue All those on the run, in fear of him.

translit. edö'e daisun gü'ün-i muqutqaba ke'ejü qasar-i üjen yadamui ta ke'eba

en But now, saying that you have destroyed the enemy people, you can no longer bear the sight of Qasar.’ So she spoke.

translit. eke-yi amurli'ulun baraju cinggis-qahan ügülerün eke-yi kilinglaqdaju ayun ba

en After Činggis Qa’an had at last calmed the mother, he said, ‘I was afraid of mother getting so angry

translit. ayuba

en and really became frightened;

translit. hicen ba

en and I felt shame

translit. hiceba

en and was really abashed.’

translit. bi ke'ejü icuya bida ke'ejü icuba

en And saying, ‘Let us withdraw!’, he withdrew and returned home.

translit. eke-de ülü mede'ülün ecine'ün qasar-un irge inu abcu qasar-a mingan dörben ja'ut irge ökba

en But, without letting the mother know, he stealthily took away the subjects of Qasar and let Qasar have only one thousand four hundred people.

translit. eke medejü tere setkil-tür ötör dötöleksen yosun teyimü jalayirtai jebke tende qulajiju barqujin oron buru'utba

en That is how, when the mother learned this, the thought of it made her go quickly into decline. Jebke of the Jalayir then left in fright and fled into the Barqujin Lowland.

translit. 245. te'ün-ü qoyina yisün keleten irgen teb-tenggeri-tür quriju cinggis-qa'an-u kirü'e-dece olon teb-tenggeri-tür quriqun bolba

en §245 After that, the ‘people of nine tongues’ gathered under Teb Tenggeri. Many from Činggis Qa’an’s horse station also decided to gather under Teb Tenggeri.

translit. teyin quriqui-tur temüge-otcigin-a qariyatan irgen teb-tenggeri-tür otcu'ui otcigin-noyan oduqsan irge-ben quyira soqor neretü elci-yen ilējü'üi

en When they had thus gathered, the people who were subject to Temüge Otčigin went over to Teb Tenggeri. Otčigin Noyan then sent his messenger, by name of Soqor, to request the return of the people who had departed.

translit. te[b]-tenggeri soqor elci-de ügülerün otcigin ta jirin elciten bolju'ui ke'ejü soqor elci-yi inu ašgiju yabuqan eme'el inu urgejü qari'ulju'ui otcigin soqor elci-yen ašgiju yabuqan ilēkdejü manaqarsi otcigin ö'esün teb-tenggeri-tür otcu ügülerün soqor elci-yen ilē'esü ašgiju yabuqan ilējü'ü

en Teb Tenggeri said to the messenger Soqor, ‘I am grateful to both Otčigin and you’, and, after beating him, sent the messenger Soqor back on foot, forcing him to carry his saddle on his back. Greatly affected by the beating of his messenger Soqor and his returning on foot, Otčigin the following day - Otčigin himself - went to Teb Tenggeri and said, ‘I sent my messenger Soqor to you, but you beat him and sent him back on foot.

translit. edö'e bi irge-ben quyira ireba ke'ekdejü dolo'an qongqotan otcigin-i endece tendece qa'aju soqor elci-yen ilēgü cinu jöb bui ke'ejü bariqu-aca tusqu-aca kikderün ayuju otcigin-noyan ügülerün elci ilēgü minu'ai buru'u ke'ejü'ü

en Now I have come to request the return of my people.’ On that, the seven Qongqotan from all sides surrounded Otčigin, saying, ‘You were right to send your messenger Soqor.’ Otčigin Noyan, being dealt with in this way and fearing to be seized and beaten by them, said, ‘I was wrong to send my messenger.’

translit. dolo'an qongqotan ügülerün buru'u bö'esü namancilan sögöt ke'ejü teb-tenggeri-yin qoyinaca sögötgejü'üi

en The seven Qongqotan then said, ‘If you were wrong, kneel down and make amends’, and they had him kneel down behind Teb Tenggeri.

translit. irge-ben ba

en Otčigin was not given his people;

translit. ese öktejü otcigin manaqarsi erte cinggis-qa'an-i bosu'ai üdü'üi-e oron dotora büküi-tür oroju uyila'at sögötcü ügülerün yisün keleten irgen teb-tenggeri-tür ci'uldaju nada qariyatan irge-ben teb-tenggeri-dece quyura soqor neretü elci ilēlü'e soqor elci-yi minu ašgiju yabuqan eme'el űrgejü ilēkdejü bi ö'esün quyira odu'asu dolo'an qongqotan-a endece tendece qa'aju namancila'ulju teb-tenggeri-yin qoyinaca sögötke'üldeba

en so, early next day, when Činggis Qa’an had not yet got up and was still in bed, he went into his tent. He wept and, kneeling down, said, ‘As “the people of nine tongues” had assembled under Teb Tenggeri, I sent a messenger called Soqor to request from Teb Tenggeri the return of the people subject to me. They beat my messenger Soqor, they made him carry the saddle on his back, and he was sent back on foot. When I in person went to request the return of my people, I was surrounded from all sides by the seven Qongqotan, who compelled me to make amends and kneel down behind Teb Tenggeri.’

translit. kē'et uyilaba

en And he wept.

translit. cinggis-qa'an-i dongqodu'ai üdü'üi-e börte-üjin oron dotora öngdeyijü sa'uju könjile-yiyen jaqa-bar ebce'ü-ben tüyitcü otcigin-u uyilaqu-yi üjejü nilbusu alda'at ügülerün yekikset qongqotan tede öcigen qasar-i ömőrejü janciju-gü büle'ei edö'e basa ene otcigin-i yekin qoyinaca-'an sögötgemüi yambar yosun bolumui bel ede cigöt narat metüs de'ü-ner-i cinu eyin oyisulaldumui ünen ber mono qoyina ne'üle metü beye cinu negüs odu'asu netkel metü ulus cinu ken-e mede'ülkün tede tulu metü beye cinu tulbas odu'asu tuyal metü ulus cinu ken-e mede'ülkün tede cigöt narat metü de'ü-ner-i cinu eyin oyisulatqun haran minu qurban dörben ücűget mawun mandutala minu ya'u mede'ülkün tede yekikset qongqotan büle'e

en Before Činggis Qa’an could utter a sound, Lady Börte sat up in bed, covering her breasts with the edge of the blanket. Seeing Otčigin weep, she herself shed tears and said, ‘What are those Qongqotan doing? They recently ganged up and beat Qasar. And now, why do they make this Otčigin kneel down behind them? What kind of behaviour is this? Thus they covertly injure even these younger brothers of yours who are like cypresses and pines. And truly, later When your body, like a great old tree, Will fall down, By whom will they let govern your people Who are like tangled hemp? When your body, like the stone base of a pillar, Will collapse, By whom will they let govern your people Who are like a flock of birds? How will people covertly injuring in this fashion your younger brothers, who are like cypresses and pines, ever allow my three or four little “naughty ones” to govern while they are still growing up? What are those Qongqotan doing?

translit. tede de'ü-ner-iyen teden-e teyin ki'üljü ker üjejü amu ci ke'e'et börte-üjin nilbusun aldaba

en Now that you have let them ill-treat your younger brothers in such a way, how do you view all this?’ So spoke Lady Börte and shed tears.

translit. börte-üjin-ü ene üge-tür cinggis-qahan otcigin-a ügülerün teb-tenggeri edö'e iregü cidaqui-aca ker ba

en On these words of Lady Börte, Činggis Qa’an said to Otčigin, ‘Teb Tenggeri is coming now. Whatever you may wish to do to him within your power,

translit. üyiletdü'esü ci mede ke'eba

en it is for you to decide!’

translit. te'ün-tür otcigin bosu'at nilbusu-'an arci'at qarcu qurban bökös-i beletcü bayiba

en Whereupon Otčigin rose, wiped away his tears and, going out of the tent, stood in readiness with three strong men.

translit. qurumut atala mönglik-ecige dolo'an kö'üt-lü'e-ben irejü dolo'an büri oroju teb-tenggeri tüsürge-yin bara'un ete'et sa'uqui-lu'a otcigin teb-tenggeri-yin jaqa inu bariju öcigen üdür namayi namancilan büle'e

en After a while, Father Mönglik came with his seven sons. The seven all entered and, as Teb Tenggeri sat down on the right side of the kumis pitchers, Otčigin seized the collar of Teb Tenggeri, saying, ‘Yesterday you compelled me to make amends.

translit. ci sorilduya ke'ejü jaqa inu bariju e'üten jük cirba

en Let us now measure up to each other!’ - and, holding his collar, dragged him towards the door.

translit. teb-tenggeri otcikin-u esergü jaqa bariju barilduba

en Teb Tenggeri, then, facing Otčigin, seized his collar and wrestled with him.

translit. te[b]-tenggeri-yin (yin) maqalai barilduqui-tur qolu[m]ta teri'ün-e unaba

en As they were wrestling, Teb Tenggeri’s hat fell in front of the fireplace.

translit. mönglik-ecige maqalai inu abcu hünüscü ebür-tür-iyen talbiba

en Father Mönglik took his hat, smelled it and placed it in his bosom.

translit. cinggis-qahan ügülerün qarcu bökö gücü temeceldütkün ke'eba

en Činggis Qa’an said, ‘Go out and match each other’s strength and might.’

translit. otcigin teb-tenggeri-yi circü qarurun e'üten bosoqa ja'ura urida beledüksen qurban bökös esergü teb-tenggeri-yi bari'at circü qarcu niru'u inu ququlju jewün ete'ed-ün terged-ün üjü'ür-e o['o]rcu otcigin oroju ügülerün teb-tenggeri namayi namancilan büle'e

en Otčigin dragged Teb Tenggeri out. The three strong men who had earlier been standing in readiness at the threshold of the door faced Teb Tenggeri. They seized him, dragged him out further, broke his back and cast him down at the end of the line of carts of the left side. Otčigin came back into the tent and said, ‘Teb Tenggeri had compelled me to make amends.

translit. sorilduya kē'esü ülü bolun arqalaju gebtemü caqtu nökör aju'u

en When I said, “Let us measure up to each other”, he was not willing to wrestle and lay down pretending that he could not get up. Not much of a companion, is he!’

translit. kē'esü mönglik-ecige uqaju nilbusu alda'at ügülerün dayir etügen-i danglasun-u tedüi büküi-ece dalai müren-i qoroqan-u tedüi büküi-ece nököceba

en Father Mönglik understood and, shedding tears, said, ‘I have been your companion Since the brown earth Was only the size of a clod, Since the sea and rivers Were only the size of a rivulet.’

translit. bi ke'eküi-lü'e jirqo'an qongqotan kö'üt inu e'üten bosoju (?) qolumta to'orin bayiju qancud-iyan simaliqaqdarun cinggis-qahan gereljü siqaqdaju jayila qaruya ke'e'et qarqu-lu'a cinggis-qa'an-i horcin qorcin turqa'ut to'orin bayiba

en At these words, his six Qongqotan sons barred the door and disposed themselves around the fireplace. When they rolled up their sleeves, Činggis Qa’an became frightened. Being pressed by them, he said, ‘Make way, I am going out.’ As soon as he stepped outside, quiverbearers and dayguards surrounded Činggis Qa’an and stood by.

translit. teb-tenggeri-yi terged-ün üjü'ür-e niru'u ququlju o'oruqsan-i cinggis-qahan üjejü qoyitu'ul-aca niken boro qosiliq abcira'ulju teb-tenggeri-yin de'ere inu talbi'ulju kölge oro'ulutqun newüya ke'ejü tendece newüba

en Činggis Qa’an saw that after breaking his backbone, they had cast Teb Tenggeri down at the end of the line of carts. He had a grey tent brought from the back and placed over Teb Tenggeri, saying, ‘Fasten the harnessing to the carts, we shall move on.’ And he moved on from there.

translit. 246. teb-i talbiqsan qosiliq-un erüge tülijü e'üten daruju hara saki'ulu'asu qutu'ar söni üdür sira-da ger-ün erüge ne'ejü beye selte qarcu'u bolqa'asu maqat teb inu tende bolqaqdaba

en §246 After they had covered the smoke-hole of the tent in which they had placed Teb Tenggeri, had blocked the door and put people to keep watch, on the third night at dusk Teb Tenggeri opened the smoke-hole of the tent and came out bodily through it. When they investigated closely, it was established that it really was Teb Tenggeri who had been seen in that part of the tent.

translit. cinggis-qahan ügülerün teb-tenggeri de'ü-ner-tür minu qar köl gürgeksen-ü tula de'ü-ner-ün minu ja'ura oro ügei jinggügü-yin tula tenggeri-de ese ta'alaqdaju ami-yan beye selte abcu otdaba-je ke'eba

en Činggis Qa’an said, ‘Because Teb Tenggeri laid hands on my younger brothers and spread baseless slanders among them in order to sow discord, he was no longer loved by Heaven, and his life, together with his body, has been taken away.’

translit. cinggis-qahan mönglik-ecige-yi tende dongqodurun kö'üd-ü'en aburi ülü itqan denggecen setkikün bolun teb-tenggeri-yin teri'ün-tür gürba

en Činggis Qa’an then railed at Father Mönglik saying, ‘By not restraining your sons’ nature, you and your sons began thinking that you were equal to me, and you have paid for this with Teb Tenggeri’s life.

translit. ta tanu teyimü aburi uqaqsan bö'esü jamuqa altan qucar-tan-u yosutan bolqaqtaqun büle'ei ta ke'ejü mönglik-ecige-yi dongqotcu dongqodun baraju jici manaqaru ügüleksen-i üdesi hudaru'asu üde-yin ügüleksen-i manaqar hudaru'asu hicere maqa ke'ekdegü ele urida üge baraqdalu'a je teli ke'en soyurqaju jici jaliraba

en If I had known that you had such a nature, you would have been dealt with like Jamuqa, Altan, Qučar and the others.’ So he railed at Father Mönglik. When he had finished railing at him, he said further, ‘If one retracts in the evening what one has said in the morning, and retracts in the morning what one has said the previous evening, surely one will only be criticised until he is covered with shame. I have earlier pledged my word to you. Enough of this matter!’ And, his anger abated, he showed favour to him again.

translit. alus aburi-yan tataqsan bö'esü mönglik-ecige-yin uruq-tur ken denggecekün büle'ei ke'eba

en He said, ‘Had you restrained your ambitious nature, who among Father Mönglik’s offspring would have dared to consider himself equal to me?’

translit. teb-tenggeri-yi ügei bolqa'at qongqotan cirai jibturaju'ui-je 247. te'ün-ü qoyina cinggis-qahan qonin jil kitat irgen-tür morilaba

en After Teb Tenggeri had been annihilated, the proud air of the Qongqotan was much reduced. §247 After that, in the Year of the Sheep (1211), Činggis Qa’an set out against the Kitat people.

translit. vujiu-yi abcu hünegen-dabā-'ar dabaju söndeivu-yi abcu jebe güyigünek-ba'atur qoyar-i manglai ilēba

en He took Vujiu, crossed over Hünegen Daba’an, took Söndüvu and sent Jebe and Güyigünek Ba’atur as vanguards.

translit. cabciyal gürcü cabciyal-daba'an-i bekilekdejü tende jebe ügülerün ani uduju gödölgejü ire'ülün tende soriya ke'ejü qariba

en On reaching Čabčiyal, seeing that the Čabčiyal Pass was defended, Jebe there and then said, ‘We shall entice them and get them to move and come after us. Then, let us put them to the test!’ So saying, he turned back.

translit. qariqdaju kitad-un ceri'üt nekeye ke'en cölke a'ula bütetele nekejü ayisi söndeivu-yin qosi'un-a gürcü jebe qoyinaqsi hurba[?] tataju dobtulju sundurcu ayisuqun dayin-i daruba

en When they discovered that he had turned back, the Kitat troops said, ‘Let us pursue him!’, and they went in pursuit until the valleys and the mountains were completely covered with them. Upon reaching the spur of Söndüvu, Jebe turned back, rushed forth against the enemies who were approaching in successive waves and routed them.

translit. cinggis-qahan qol cerik darucaju kitad-i gödölgejü qara-kidad-un jürced-ün jüyin-ü erekün omoqun ceri'üd-i daruju cabciyal-a gürtele hünji'ü bayitala kiduju cabciyal-un qa'alqa jebe abcu daba'at buliju dabaju cinggis-qahan sira-dektür bawuba

en Činggis Qa’an, pressing on with the main body of the army, dislodged the Kitat from their positions, crushed the valiant and bold Jüyin troops of the Qara Kidat and the Jürčet, slaying them until they were like heaps of rotten logs as far as Čabčiyal. Jebe took the gate of Čabčiyal, and after he had captured the passes and crossed over them, Činggis Qa’an pitched camp at Šira Degtür.

translit. jungdu-yi e'erejü qotot qotot balaqat-tur ceri'üt ilējü e'ere'ülba

en Launching the attack on Jungdu, he sent troops to various towns and cities, ordering them to attack.

translit. jebe-yi dungcang-balaqasun e'ere'ülün ilēba

en He sent Jebe to attack the city of Dungčang.

translit. dungcang-balaqasun-tur gürcü e'erejü abun yadaju qariju jirqo'an qonoq qajar-a gürcü genetgejü jici qarin tata'at qar kötöltan söni dülil<i>gejü genet büküi-tür gürcü dungcang-balaqasu abu'ai 248. jebe dungcang-balaqasun-i abcu qariju irejü cinggis-qahan-tur neyileba

en Jebe reached the city of Dungčang but, unable to take it by storm, turned back and went as far as the distance of a six days’ march from there. Then - the enemy being unaware - he returned and, marching throughout the night, each soldier leading a spare horse by hand, he arrived at the moment when the enemy was unprepared and took the city of Dungčang. §248 After taking the city of Dungčang, Jebe returned and joined Činggis Qa’an.

translit. jungdu-yi e'erekderün altan-qan-u yeke noyan ongging-cingsang altan-qan-a duratqarun tenggeri qajar-un jaya'an caq yeke oro ye'ütgeküi caq-u'u gürba

en When Jungdu was under siege, a high official of the Altan Qan, Ongging Čingsang, advised the Altan Qan as follows: ‘This is the destiny and favourable time decreed by Heaven and Earth. Could it be that the time has come when the great throne will pass to a new ruler?

translit. mongqol masi gücütei-e irejü bidan-u erekün omoqun qara-kitad-un jürced-ün jüyin-ü erkit ceri'üd-i daruju büreltele kiduju'ui itegeltü cabciyal-i ber buliju abcu'ui edö'e bida basa ceri'üt jasaju qarqa'asu basa mongqol-a daruqda'asu qala'ar balaqat balaqat-dur-iyan butaraqun tede jici bidan-a qura'ulu'asu ülü bolun bidan-tur dayisun bolju ülü nököcekün tede altan-qan-i soyurqa'asu mongqol-un qan-tur edö'et-tür elsen eyetüye eye-tür oroju mongqol-i icu'asu icuqaqsan-u qoyina basa busu setkil bida tende eyetüldüt-je mongqol-un ba

en The Mongols are coming in great might: they have crushed our valiant and bold elite Jüyin troops of the Qara Kitat and the Jürčet, slaying them until they were utterly destroyed. Even Čabčiyal Pass, on which we were relying, they have wrested from us. If we now set our troops in order and send them out to fight, should they again be crushed by the Mongols, they will no doubt scatter and return to their various cities. And, if we rally them against their will, they will turn against us and will no longer be our friends. If you, the Altan Qan, grant permission, let us for the present submit and come to terms with the ruler of the Mongols. If the Mongols agree to withdraw, after their withdrawal we shall there and then take up another different counsel.

translit. ere aqta qajar he'üsiyejü kölcirgemüi ke'ekdemüi qan-a inu öki ögüye altan mönggün a'urasut et cerig-ün gü'ün-e kündü-te qarqaju ögüye ene eye-tür manu oroqu ülü-'ű-yi ker medekdegü ke'en duratqa'asu altan-qan ongging-cingsang-un ene üge jöbsiyejü eyin bö'et boltuqai ke'en elsen cinggis-qa'an-a gungjü neretei öki qarqaju altan mönggün a'urasun et tabar cerig-ün gü'ün-e gücün-e mede'ülün da'aqui-aca jungdu-aca qarqaju cinggis-qahan-tur ongging-cingsang gürgejü ireba

en It is said that the men and geldings of the Mongols find our country unsuitable and fall victim to epidemics. Let us give a princess to their ruler, and to the men in his army let us send out gold, silver, satin and goods in abundance. Who knows whether they will or will not agree to our proposal?’ When Ongging Čingsang had given his advice, the Altan Qan approved these words of his, saying, ‘Let it be so!’ Then, offering submission, he sent to Činggis Qa’an a princess by name of Gungju and from Jungdu he sent out to the men in his army gold, silver, satin and goods - as much as, in their judgement, their strength and that of their horses could carry. He also sent Ongging Čingsang to Činggis Qa’an.

translit. elsen irekdejü cinggis-qahan eye-tür anu oroju qotat qotat-tur e'eret bawuqsat ceri'üd-i qari'ulju icuba

en When they came and submitted themselves, Činggis Qa’an agreed to their proposal. He ordered back the troops that were attacking the various towns and withdrew.

translit. ongging-cingsang mojiu vujiu neretü qosi'un-a gürtele cinggis-qa'an-i hüdejü qariba

en Ongging Čingsang accompanied Činggis Qa’an as far as the spurs called Mōjiu and Vujiu, and then returned.

translit. a'urasun et bidan-u ceri'üt da'aqui-aca aciju kibu'ud-iyar aci'a-ban tataju yabuba

en As for the satin and goods, our troops loaded as much as their horses could carry and moved away, tying up their loads with bands of heavy silk fabric.

translit. 249. tere morilaqsa'ar qasin irge-tür yorciba

en §249 In the course of that military campaign, Činggis Qa’an set out towards the Qašin people.

translit. joriju gürü'esü qasin irgen-ü burqan elsen bara'un qar cinu bolju gücü öksü ke'en caqa neretei öki cinggis-qa'an-a qarqaju ökba

en When, moving in their direction, he reached their country, Burqan Qan of the Qašin people said, ‘I shall submit and, becoming your right wing, I shall serve you.’ And he offered his daughter, called Čaqa, to Činggis Qa’an.

translit. basa burqan-qan ügülerün cinggis-qa'an-u nere aldar sonoscu ayuju ala'ai ba

en Further, Burqan Qan said, ‘Hearing of Činggis Qa’an’s fame we were in awe of you.

translit. edö'e süldertü beye cinu gürcü irekdejü sülder-ece ayuba

en Now your august person has arrived, you have come to us, and we are indeed awed by your majesty.

translit. ayuju ba

en Being awed,

translit. tang'ut irgen bara'un qar cinu bolju gücü öksü ke'eba

en we the Tang’ut people have said, “We shall become your right wing and we shall serve you.”

translit. gücü ögürün nunji nuntuqtan nödüksen balaqasutan bui-je nököcejü qurdun aya ayalaqui-tur qurca bulqa bulqalduqui-tur qurdun ayan-tur güyicen-je yadamui-je qurca bulqa-tur bulqaldun-je yadamui-je ba

en When we serve you, know that We are the ones who live in permanent camps, We are the ones who have towns with pounded-earth walls. And so, when we become your companions, In waging a swift campaign, In fighting a deadly combat, We shall not be able to hasten into a swift campaign. We shall not be able to fight a deadly combat.

translit. cinggis-qa'an-i soyurqa'asu ba

en But if Činggis Qa’an shows favour to us,

translit. tang'u[t] irgen ündür deresün-ü nemüre-te ösgejü olon teme'et qarqaju qa bolqaju öksü örmege nekejü a'urasun bolqaju öksü o'orqu sibawun surqaju qura'ulju sayid-i inu gürge'ülün asuqai ke'en öciba

en we the Tang’ut people, We shall bring forth many camels Reared in the shelter of the tall feather-grass: We shall turn them into government property And we shall give them to you. We shall weave woollen material and make satin, And we shall give them to you. Training falcons to fly loose at game, We shall gather them and all the best ones we shall send to you.’ Thus he petitioned Činggis Qa’an.

translit. ügülejü üge-dür-iyen gürün tang'ut irgen-ece-'en teme'et qubciju tawun yadatala abciraju ökba

en And having spoken, he kept to his word. He levied camels from his Tang’ut people and, bringing so many that it was impossible to drive any more of them, he gave them to Činggis Qa’an.

translit. 250. cinggis-qahan tere morilaqsan-tur kitat irgen-ü altan-qa'an-i else'üljü olon a'urasun abcu qasin irgen-ü burqan-ni else'üljü olon teme'et abcu cinggis-qahan qonin jil tere morilaqsan-tur kitat irgen-ü aqutai neretü altan-qan-i else'üljü tang'ut irgen-ü iluqu-burqan-ni else'üljü qariju sa'ari-ke'er-i bawuba

en §250 On that campaign Činggis Qa’an obtained the submission of the Altan Qa’an of the Kitat people and took a large quantity of satin. He also obtained the submission of Burqan of the Qašin people and took a great number of camels. Having thus obtained the submission of the Altan Qan of the Kitat people, named Aqutai, and of Iluqu Burqan of the Tang’ut people in that campaign of the Year of the Sheep (1211), Činggis Qa’an returned home and set up camp on the Sa’ari Steppe.

translit. 251. basa te'ün-ü qoyina jeugon-tur elsen ilēkset jubqan teri'üten olon elcin-iyen kitat irgen-ü aqutai altan-qa'an-a jetgükdejü cinggis-qahan noqai jil kitat-irgen-tür basa morilaba

en §251 Again, after that, since Jubqan and many other envoys of ours who were sent to Jau Gon to seek allegiance had been hindered by the Altan Qa’an Aqutai of the Kitat people, in the Year of the Dog (1214) Činggis Qa’an set out once more against the Kitat people.

translit. elsen baraju jeugon-tur ilēkset elcin-i yekin jetkün bülegei ke'en morilarun cinggis-qahan tunggon-amasar joriju jebe-yi cabciyal-iyar bolqaba

en On setting out he said, ‘After they had already submitted themselves, how could they hinder the envoys sent to Jau Gon?’ Činggis Qa’an moved in the direction of the Tunggon Pass, ordering Jebe to go by way of Čabčiyal.

translit. cinggis-qa'an-i tunggon-amasar-iyar bolba ke'en altan-qan medejü ile qada höbögetür qurban-a ceri'üt mede'üljü cerik böklejü hula'an-degelen-i manglailan jasaju tunggon-amasar-i temecen daba'a bu daba'ulutqun ke'en ile qada höbögetür qurban-i ceri'üt qurduilan ilējü'üi

en Realizing that Činggis Qa’an had gone by the Tunggon Pass, the Altan Qan entrusted the command of his troops to Ile, Qada and Höbögetür, saying, ‘With the army blocking the passage and disposing the Red Coats as vanguard, fight for the Tunggon Pass and do not let them cross the defile!’ And he sent Ile, Qada and Höbögetür in haste with the troops.

translit. tunggon-amasar-a gürü'esü kitad-un ceri'üt qajar ke'en da'aju ireba

en When Činggis Qa’an arrived at the Tunggon Pass, the Kitat troops came to intercept him, saying, ‘Our soil!’

translit. cinggis-qahan ile qada höbögetür qurban-lu'a bayilduju ile qada-yi gödölgeba

en Činggis Qa’an fought against Ile, Qada and Höbögetür and put to flight Ile and Qada.

translit. tolui cügü-gürigen qoyar köndelen-ece dobtulju hula'an-degelen-i icu'aju gürcü ile qada-yi gödölgejü daruju kitad-i hünji'ü bayitala kiduba

en Tolui and Čügü Gürigen then arrived and, charging at their flanks, forced back the Red Coats, repulsed and completely defeated Ile and Qada, and slew the Kitat until they were like heaps of rotten logs.

translit. kitat ceri'üd-iyen kiduju baraqdaba ke'en altan-qan medejü jungdu-daca qarcu buru'udun namging-balaqasu oroju'ui hülekset ceri'üt anu turuju ükürün ö'er ja'ura gü'ün-ü miqa ideldüjü'üi

en When the Altan Qan learned that his Kitat troops had been slain and destroyed, he fled out of Jungdu and entered the city of Namging. As the remnants of his troops were dying of starvation, they ate human flesh between them.

translit. tolui cügü-gürigen qoyar sayitur üyiletba ke'en cinggis-qahan tolui cügü-gürigen qoyar-i masi soyurqaba

en Because Tolui and Čügü Gürigen had performed well, Činggis Qa’an greatly favoured both of them.

translit. 252. cinggis-qahan qosivu-yi bawu'at jungdu-yin sira-ke'er bawuba

en §252 Činggis Qa’an set up camp at Qosivu, then in the Šira Ke’er of Jungdu.

translit. jebe cabciyal-un qālqa ebdejü cabciyal-i bariqsat ceri'üd-i gödölgejü irejü cinggis-qahan-tur neyileba

en Jebe broke down the gate of Čabčiyal and, having routed the enemy troops who were holding Čabčiyal, came and joined Činggis Qa’an.

translit. altan-qan jungdu-daca qarurun jungdu dotora qada-yi liusiu bolqan tüsijü oduqsan aju'u

en When the Altan Qan moved out of Jungdu, he appointed Qada as liusiu in Jungdu before leaving the city.

translit. cinggis-qahan jungdu-yin altan mönggün et a'urasun ya'u ke inu to'ola'ulurun önggür-bawurci arqai-qasar sigi-qutuqu qurban-i ilēba

en When Činggis Qa’an had the inventory taken of the gold, silver, goods, satin and other things gathered in Jungdu, he sent the steward Önggür, Arqai Qasar and Šigi Qutuqu to do it.

translit. ede qurban-i ayisai ke'en qada esergü uqdun altatai hartai a'urasu bari'at jungdu dotoraca qarcu esergü ireba

en As these three were approaching, Qada went ahead to greet them, taking with him gold-embroidered and patterned satins. He came out of Jungdu and welcomed them.

translit. qada-da sigi-qutuqu ügülerün urida ene jungdu-yin et mün jungdu altan-qan-u'ai aju'u-je edö'e jungdu cinggis-qa'an-u'ai bui-je cinggis-qa'an-u et a'urasu ecine'ün yekin qulaqcu abciraju ögümü ci bi ülü abqu ke'ejü sigi-qutuqu ese abu'a önggür-bawurci arqai qoyar abba

en Šigi Qutuqu said to Qada, ‘Formerly, the goods of this Jungdu, and the very city of Jungdu, did belong to the Altan Qan. Now Jungdu surely belongs to Činggis Qa’an. How can you give us the goods and satins of Činggis Qa’an, stealing them and bringing them here behind his back? I shall not take them.’ Thus spoke Šigi Qutuqu and did not take them, but the steward Önggür and Arqai took them.

translit. ede qurban jungdu-yin et ya'u ke to'olaju ireba

en After making the inventory of the goods and other things of Jungdu, these three came back to Činggis Qa’an.

translit. tende cinggis-qahan önggür arqai qutuqu qurban-aca qada ya'u ökba ke'en asaqba

en Činggis Qa’an then asked Önggür, Arqai and Qutuqu, ‘What did Qada give you?’

translit. sigi-qutuqu ügülerün altatai hartai a'urasu abciraju ögülü'e bi ügülerün urida ene jungdu altan-qan-u'ai aju'u-je edö'e cinggis-qa'an-u'ai bolba-je ci qada cinggis-qa'an-u et ecine'ün qulaqcu yekin ögümü ci ke'ejü bi ese abuba

en Šigi Qutuqu said, ‘He brought and gave us gold-embroidered and patterned satins. I said to him, “Formerly, this Jungdu belonged to the Altan Qan. Now it has surely become Činggis Qa’an’s property. How can you, Qada, give us Činggis Qa’an’s goods, stealing them behind his back?” Thus I said and did not take them,

translit. önggür arqai qoyar ögüksed-i inu abula'a ke'eba

en but Önggür and Arqai took what Qada had given them.’ So spoke Šigi Qutuqu.

translit. cinggis-qahan tende önggür arqai qoyar-i masi dongqotba

en Činggis Qa’an then mightily rebuked Önggür and Arqai.

translit. sigi-qutuqu-yi yeke yosu setkijü'ü

en As for Šigi Qutuqu, he greatly favoured him, saying, ‘You, Šigi Qutuqu, have been mindful of the great norm concerning one’s obligations to the qan.’

translit. ci ke'en masi soyurqaju üjegü-yin minu nidün sonosqu-yin minu cikin bolju ülü-'ű aqu ci ke'en jarliq bolba

en And he said, ‘You shall be Eyes for me to see with, Ears for me to hear with!’

translit. 253. altan-qan namging oroju ö'er-iyen elsen mürgüjü tenggeri neretü kö'ü-ben ja'un nököttü-yi cinggis-qahan-tur turqaq boltuqai ke'en ilējü'ü

en §253 After the Altan Qan had entered Namging, he submitted himself in person and, making obeisance, sent his son called Tenggeri, with a hundred companions, to Činggis Qa’an to serve as a dayguard and hostage.

translit. imada elsekdejü cinggis-qahan icuya ke'en cabciyal-iyar tende icurun qasar-i jewün qar-un ceri'üd-iyer dalai gijin ilērün beiging-balaqasu bawutqun beiging-balaqasun-i else'üljü cinana jürced-ün vuqanu-yi da'arin otcu vuqanu bulqa setki'esü ha'ulutqun else'esü inu giji'ar balaqat anu da'arin ula na'u müret gijin otcu tawur-müren ö'ede dabaju yeke a'uruq-tur neyilen iretkün ke'ejü ilēba

en As the Altan Qan had been brought under submission by him, Činggis Qa’an said that he would withdraw. There and then he withdrew by the Čabčiyal Pass, sending Qasar along the sea coast with the troops of the left wing. He sent him with the following instructions: ‘Set up camp at the city of Beiging. After you have subjugated the city of Beiging, proceed further and cross the country of Vuqanu of the Jürčet. If Vuqanu intends to offer resistance, go for him. If he submits, pass through their border towns, go along the rivers Ula and Na’u, and crossing the Ta’ur River upstream, join forces with me at the main basecamp.’

translit. qasar-lu'a noyad-aca jürcedei alci tolun-cerbi qurban-i ilēldüba

en With Qasar he sent Jürčedei, Alči and Tolun Čerbi from among the army commanders.

translit. qasar beiging-balaqasun oro'ulju jürced-ün vuqanu-yi else'üljü mör-e bükün balaqasun-i oro'ulu'at qasar tawur-müren ö'ede irejü yeke a'uruq-tur bawuju ireba

en Qasar brought the city of Beiging into subjection, forced Vuqanu of the Jürčet to submit and subjugated the towns which were on the way there. Qasar then proceeded upstream along the Ta’ur River and settled at the main base camp.

translit. 254. te'ün-ü qoyina cinggis-qahan sarta'ul irgen-e uquna teri'üten ja'un elcin-iyen jetgüjü alaqdaju cinggis-qahan ügülerün altan arqamji-yan sarta'ul irgen-e ker tasuldan büle'ei ke'en uquna teri'üten ja'un elcin-nü'en ösöl ösön kisal kisan sarta'ul irgen-tür morilaya ke'en morilaqui-tur tende yisüi-qadun cinggis-qa'an-a duratqan öcirün qahan üntür daba'a daban örgen müret ketülün urtu ca'ur ca'uran olon ulus-iyan jibsi'erün setkiba

en §254 After that, as Činggis Qa’an’s one hundred envoys with Uquna at their head had been held up and slain by the Sarta’ul people, Činggis Qa’an said, ‘How can my “golden halter” be broken by the Sarta’ul people?’ And he said, ‘I shall set out against the Sarta’ul people, To take revenge, To requite the wrong for the slaying of my hundred envoys with Uquna at their head.’ When he was about to set out, there and then Yisüi Qatun respectfully gave the following advice to Činggis Qa’an: ‘The Qa’an has thought of Establishing order over his many people, Climbing high passes, Crossing wide rivers And waging a long campaign.

translit. töreksen ele amitan-tur möngke ügei aju'u

en Still, living beings who are but born to this world are not eternal:

translit. ne'üle metü beye cinu negüs odu'asu netkel metü ulus-iyan ken-e gēmü tulu metü beye cinu tulbas odu'asu tuyal metü ulus-iyan ken-e gēmü töreksen dörben külü'üt kö'üd-ü'en ken-i inu ke'emü kö'üt-te de'ü-ner-e olon qaracus-a man-a ber mawun-a uqaju aqui-a uqaqsan-iyan duratqaqsan bolba jarliq medetügei ke'en öci'esü cinggis-qahan jarliq bolurun qadun ber gü'ün bö'esü yisüi-yin üge jöb-ece jöb ket ber de'ü-ner kö'üt ta ber bo'orcu muqali-tan eyin ese duratqaba

en When your body, like a great old tree, Will fall down, To whom will you bequeath your people Which is like tangled hemp? When your body, like the stone base of a pillar, Will collapse, To whom will you bequeath your people Which is like a flock of birds? Of your four sons, the heroes whom you have begotten, which one will you designate as your successor? I have given you this advice on what, thinking about it, we - the sons, younger brothers, the many common people and my poor self - understood to be an important question. Your order shall decide!’ So she advised him and Činggis Qa’an declared: ‘Even though she is only a woman, Yisüi’s words are more right than right. No matter who - younger brothers and sons, and you Bo’orču, Muqali and others - no one has advised me like this.

translit. bi ber uridus-i ülü uda'araqui-aca umartaju aju'u

en And also I forgot, As if I would not follow the forefathers;

translit. üküleng-e ülü erüstegüi-ece untaraju aju'u ke'e'et kö'üd-ün minu aqa joci bui-je ya'u ke'emü ci kelele ke'eba

en I slept, As if I would not be caught by death.’ Having said this, he said, ‘The eldest of my sons is Joči. What do you, Joči, say? Speak up!’

translit. joci-yi dongqotqu-yin urida ca'adai ügülerün joci-yi kelele ke'erün joci-yu'u tüsin ügülemüi ene merkidei cul ulja'ur-a ker mede'ülkün bida ke'eküi-lü'e joci bosu'at ca'adai-yin jaqa-tur tuscu ügülerün qan ecige-de busu ese ke'ekdelü'e ci namayi ker ilqamui yambar erdem-iyer hüle'ü ci qaqca kecewü-ber-iyen maqa hüle'ü ele ci hontucaju cimada qarda'asu heregei-yen hoqtolju o'orsuqai abalduju cimada ilaqda'asu unaqsan qajar-aca bu bossuqai qan ecige-yin jarliq medetügei ke'eba

en But before Joči could utter a sound, Ča’adai said, ‘When you say, “Joči, speak up!”, do you mean by that that you will appoint Joči as your successor? How can we let ourselves be ruled by this bastard offspring of the Merkit?’ At these words, Joči rose and grabbing Ča’adai by the collar, said, ‘I have never been told by my father the Qan that I was different from my brothers. How can you discriminate against me? In what skill are you better than I? Only in your obstinacy you are, perhaps, better. If we shoot arrows at a long distance and I am outdone by you, I shall cut off my thumb and throw it away! If we wrestle and I am defeated by you, I shall not rise from the place where I have fallen! Let the order of my father the Qan decide which of us is better!’

translit. joci ca'adai qoyar jaqa-ca barilduju bayin büküi-tür joci-yin qar-aca bo'orcu tataju ca'adai-yin qar-aca muqali tataju büküi-tür cinggis-qahan sonoscu sem sa'un bui tende kökö-cos jewün ete'et bayiju ügülerün ca'adai yekin ya'arayu ci qan ecige cinu kö'üd-ün dotora cima-daca erejü büle'e

en So he said, and as Joči and Ča’adai both stood holding each other by the collar, with Bo’orču pulling Joči by the arm and Muqali pulling Ča’adai by the arm, Činggis Qa’an listened and sat without saying a word. Then, Kökö Čos, who was standing on the left side, said, ‘Ča’adai, why are you so hasty? It was you, among the sons, for whom your father the Qan had cherished hopes.

translit. tan-i töregü-yin urida hodutai tenggeri horciju büle'e

en Before you were born, The starry sky was turning upon itself,

translit. olon ulus bulqa büle'e

en The many people were in turmoil:

translit. oron-dur-iyan ülü oron oljalaldun büle'e

en They did not enter their beds to rest, But fought against each other.

translit. körisütei etügen körbejü büle'e

en The crusty earth was turning and turning,

translit. gür ulus bulqa büle'e

en The entire nation was in turmoil:

translit. könjile-de'en ülü gebten görüleldün büle'e

en They did not lie on their coverlets to rest, But attacked each other.

translit. teyimü caq-tur güsejü ese yabuba-je gürülceküi-tür bolba-je buru'utcu ese yabuba

en At such time your mother was abducted. It was not her wish: It happened at a time When men met, weapons in hand. She was not running away from her home:

translit. bulqalduqui-tur bolba-je amaraju ese yabuba-je alalduqui-tur bolba-je boqda qadun eke-yü'en tosun duran qoru'ulju sün jürügen e'ede'üljü ügülemüi ci büle'en-ece bület mün ke'eli-dece ese-'ű törele'ei ta qala'un-aca qalat qaqca qaqunaq-aca ese-'ű qarula'a ta jürügen-ece töreksen eke-yü'en cimatqa'asu cinar inu jekircü jalira'ulu'asu ülü boli ke'eli-dece töreksen eke-yü'en gemüri'ülü'esü genü'er inu gesge'esü ülü boli qan ecige tanu qamuq ulus-i bayi'ulurun qara teri'ü-ben qanjuqalaju qara cisu-ban nambuqalaju qara nidü-ben hirmes ülü kin qa[b]taqai ciki-ben dere-tür ülü talbin qancu-ban derelejü qormai-ban debüscü silüsün-iyen undālaju sigi-yen qonaqlaju manglai-yin kölesün ula-tur gürtele ula-yin kölesün manglai-tur qartala ölümlen kici'en yabuqui caq-tur eke tanu qamtu-bar joboldurun horaitala boqtalaju ho'ojitala büselejü niyitaitala boqtolaju niduratala büselejü tan-iyan ösgerün jalgiqui ja'ura jarim-iyan ökcü qo'olai-yan quciju qotola-iyan ökcü qo'osun yabuqui büle'ei egem-ece tanu tataju ere-lü'e saca'un ken-e bolqaqu güjü'ün-ece tanu tataju gü'ün-lü'e saca'un ken-e bolqaqu ke'ejü buyi tanu arilqaju burbui tanu ergü'üljü ere-yin egem-tür aqta-yin qarqam-tur gürgejü edö'e tan-u'an sayi üjesü ke'en setkijü ese-'ű amui boqta qadun bidan-u naran metü gege'en na'ur metü delger setkiltü büle'e ke'eba

en It happened at a time Of mutual fighting. She was not in love with someone else: It happened at a time When one man slew another. You speak so as to harden the butter of your mother’s affection, so as to sour the milk of that august lady’s heart. From the warm womb, coming forth Suddenly, were you two Not born from the same belly? From the hot womb, coming forth Abruptly, were you two Not issued from a single womb? If you incur blame From your mother who has borne you From her heart, her affection For you will grow cold: Even if you appease her It will be of no avail. If you incur reproach From your mother who has borne you From her belly, Even if you lessen her reproach It will be of no avail. When your father the Qan Established the whole nation, His black head was bound to the saddle, His black blood was poured Into a large leather bucket. His black eyes he did not wink. His flat ear he did not rest on a pillow: Of his sleeve he made a pillow and He spread his robe for a mattress. Easing his thirst with his own saliva, Eating the flesh between his teeth for supper, he strove fiercely, and Till the sweat of his brow reached the soles of his feet, Till the sweat from the soles of his feet went up to his brow, he applied himself earnestly to his great task. It was the time when your mother, together with him, suffered hardship: Pulling firmly her tall hat Over her head, Tying tightly her belt To shorten her skirt, Fastening her tall hat Over her head, Fixing her belt To tighten her waist, She brought you up, her sons. As she gulped her food She gave you half of it; Her throat choking with pity She gave you all of it, And she herself went hungry. Stretching your shoulders, “How shall I make them into men?” She said to herself. Stretching your necks, “How shall I make them into adults?” She said to herself. Cleaning your whole body, Causing you to lift your heels And learn how to walk, She made you reach Up to men’s shoulders, Up to geldings’ cruppers. And even now, does she not wish to see the happiness of you, her sons? Our august Qatun, in bringing you up had a heart As bright as the sun, As wide as a lake.’ So he spoke.

translit. 255. tendece cinggis-qan ügülerün joci-yi yekin teyin ke'emüi ta kö'üd-ün minu aqa joci ülü-'ű bui qoyina teyin bu ke'etkün ke'en jarliq bolba

en §255 Thereupon, Činggis Qan said to Ča’adai, ‘How can you speak thus about Joči? Isn’t Joči the eldest of my sons? In future do not talk like that!’ So he said,

translit. ene üge-tür ca'adai müciljejü ügülerün joci-yin gücütü-yi erdem-ün qari'u ülü ügülen ama-'ar alaqsan aci'asu ülü boli üge-'er ükü'ülüksen übci'esü ülü boli kö'üd-ün aqa joci ba

en and at these words Ča’adai smiled and said, ‘I shall not dispute Joči’s strength, nor shall I reply to his claims of skill: “Game that one has killed only with one’s mouth Cannot be loaded on one’s mount; Game that one has slain only with one’s words Cannot be skinned.” The eldest sons are Joči and I.